Analisis Kemampuan Mahasiswa dalam Pemecahkan Masalah Matematis menurut Teori Polya

Abstract

This research aimed to describe students’ ability in solving mathematics problems according to Polya theory. According to writer’s experience in the subject of basic mathematics, the students had low ability in solving mathemathics problems. Therefore, the writer used the descriptive qualitative method to analyze problem-solving of mathematics according to Polya theory of semester two of IAIN students. Test and interview were used in collecting data. Based on analysis of simple statistic, it was found that students, whose high prior knowledge thought algorithmically in solving the question of problem-solving of mathematics, could understand the problems correctly and fluently. Students whose moderate prior knowledge thought algorithmically and not completely solved the questions of problem-solving. Furthermore, students whose low prior knowledge thought heuristic in solving the questions of problem-solving of mathematics.

Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Ditinjau dari Kemampun Dasar Matematika Siswa

“…❖ Subjek Kemampuan Dasar Matematika Rendah (SKR) a) Tahap memahami masalah Subjek kemampuan dasar matematika rendah (SKR) menuliskan sebagian unsur-unsur yang diketahui dan unsur-unsur yang ditanyakan. Berdasarkan penjabaran tersebut, didukung hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh (Netriwati, 2016) yang menyatakan bahwa pada tahap memahami masalah siswa yang berkemampuan matematika rendah tidak memahami sebagian informasi yang diberikan. b) Tahap merencanakan pemecahan masalah Subjek kemampuan dasar matematika rendah (SKR) tidak menuliskan unsur-unsur pemisalan dari informasi yang diketahui, sama sekali tidak menuliskan rumus dari unsur yang diketahui dan unsur yang ditanyakan untuk menyelesaiakan soal, didukung hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh (Netriwati, 2016) diperoleh bahwa subjek dengan tingkat pengetahuan matematis rendah tidak mampu melakukan perencanaan dengan baik, tidak mampu menggunakan unsur yang diketahui untuk menyelesaikan masalah.…”

“…c). Tahap melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah Subjek kemampuan dasar matematika rendah (SKR) tidak mensubtitusi informasi kedalam rumus yang telah ditentukan, salah melakukan perhitungan untuk menjawab soal, salah menuliskan unsur-unsur langkah penyelesaian didukung hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh (Netriwati, 2016) diperoleh bahwa subjek dengan tingkat pengetahuan matematis rendah tidak mampu menjelaskan proses perhitungan yang telah dibuatnya, serta kurang mampu melaksanakan penyelesaian soal pemecahan masalah. d).…”

Analysis of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability for VII Class Students of SMP During the Covid-19 Pandemic

“…And students must process the information provided by the teacher at home with the help of parents and other obstacles that occur when online learning is carried out during the covid-19 pandemic. This research was carried out by referring to the view of learning theory on problem-solving abilities in solving story problems, namely based on the Polya theory [14] regarding the stages of mathematical problem-solving abilities are (1). Understanding the problem/Reading a problem, (2).…”

Description of Mathematics Problem Solving Ability in Terms of Learning Style

“…According to Polya (Fatmawati, Mardiyana, and Triyanto 2014); (Netriwati, 2016), the stages of solving mathematical problems include (1) understanding the problem, (2) devising a plan, (3) carrying out the plan, and (4) looking back. This is meant to improve students' ability to answer mathematical problems by having them follow procedures to solve problems quickly and accurately.…”