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Rock slope kinematic analysis for planar failure: A probabilistic approach

“…The dip and dip direction of discontinuity planes (e.g. joints, bedding) on the rock slopes were recording directly employing geological compass by Rusydy et al [2,5,7,13]. The dip and dip direction discontinuity planes data were plotted in stereographic projection to determine the number of planes most likely having a similar direction with the slope face, and the dips of planes are higher than friction angle (Ф) but lower than slope angle.…”

“…This approach is introduced by Hoek & Bray [15] and Goodman [16]. The analysis and calculation are stands on the stereography projection, which are projected in the dip (βj ) and dip direction of discontinuity planes (αj ), which is 3D into the 2D model [2,5,7]. Other input data required in the kinematic analysis is friction angle (Φ) determined by employing the tilt testing suggested by Alejano et al [14].…”

“…Overall, this paper discusses the deterministic kinematic analysis, which previously has been conducted by Rusydy et al [5] for Slope 1, revealing the planar failure potential at the joint set (J2). The data were then re-analysed by performing Monte Carlo simulation to generate a large number of random values based on statistical parameters from the joint set (J2).…”

“…Rock slope failure analysis for mining and civil projects has attracted rock engineers to develop numerous methods to analyse the rock slope stability, including the rock slope kinematic analysis, limit equilibrium, numerical modelling, empirical approach, and rock mass classification [1][2][3][4][5]. In a conventional approach, those methods merely concern a single input parameter value known as deterministic, and it previously applies in deterministic slope kinematic analysis.…”

“…The rock slope kinematic analysis approach studies the typology of slope failure without any consideration of the force working on the slope [2,5,7]. The type of potential failures determined in the rock slope kinematic approach was based on the stereography interpretation, which has been successfully conducted by numerous researchers [2,5,7]. However, their approaches are assumed as a deterministic approach picking the mean values from stereography as a single value.…”