Analog Integrated Current Drivers for Bioimpedance Applications: A Review

Neshatvar, Nazanin; Langlois, P.J.; Bayford, Richard; Demosthenous, Andreas

doi:10.3390/s19040756

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Depending on whether they are open loop or closed loop, these are categorized into two groups. The features of each design are described [50].…”

Section: B V To I Convertormentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Low Cost Bio-impedance Measuring Instrument

Birok¹,

Kapoor²

2022

IJACSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is a well-established fact that the electrical bioimpedance of a part of the human body can provide valuable information regarding physiological parameters of the human body, if the signal is correctly detected and interpreted. Accordingly, an efficient low-cost bio-electrical impedance measuring instrument was developed, implemented, and tested in this study. Primarily, it is based upon the low-cost component-level approach so that it can be easily used by researchers and investigators in the specific domain. The measurement setup of instrument was tested on adult human subjects to obtain the impedance signal of the forearm which is under investigation in this case. However, depending on the illness or activity under examination, the instrument can be used on any other part of the body. The current injected by the instrument is within the safe limits and the gain of the biomedical instrumentation amplifier is highly reasonable. The technique is easy and user-friendly, and it does not necessitate any special training, therefore it can be effectively used to collect bio-impedance data and interpret the findings for medical diagnostics. Moreover, in this paper, several existing methods and associated approaches have been extensively explored, with in-depth coverage of their working principles, implementations, merits, and disadvantages, as well as focused on other technical aspects. Lastly, the paper also deliberates upon the present status, future challenges and scope of various other possible bio-impedance methods and techniques.

show abstract

“…Depending on whether they are open loop or closed loop, these are categorized into two groups. The features of each design are described [50].…”

Section: B V To I Convertormentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Low Cost Bio-impedance Measuring Instrument

Birok¹,

Kapoor²

2022

IJACSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When employing current feedback [79], the V/I converter can achieve an accurately defined transconductance ( ( ), with a wide bandwidth and high output impedance at the expense of higher power consumption. As discussed in [80] (which reviews various types of current drivers), when designing a V/I current driver for EIT, apart from the sourcesink mismatch issues, other considerations include bandwidth, phase delays, output impedance and harmonic distortion.…”

Section: A Current Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Impedance Tomography for Biomedical Applications: Circuits and Systems Review

Hanzaee

Jiang

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Circuits Syst.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There has been considerable interest in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to provide low-cost, radiation-free, real-time and wearable means for physiological status monitoring. To be competitive with other well-established imaging modalities, it is important to understand the requirements of the specific application and determine a suitable system design. This paper presents an overview of EIT circuits and systems including architectures, current drivers, analog front-end and demodulation circuits, with emphasis on integrated circuit implementations. Commonly used circuit topologies are detailed, and tradeoffs are discussed to aid in choosing an appropriate design based on the application and system priorities. The paper also describes a number of integrated EIT systems for biomedical applications, as well as discussing current challenges and possible future directions.

show abstract

“…The subject of bioimpedance instrumentation is extensive and impossible to cover in a tutorial together with sensor design and electrodes. There have been a few reviews on general instrumentation, discrete and CMOS current sources, front-end design and signal processing methods that the interested reader is referred to for more detailed discussions [23], [27], [177]- [181]. Bioimpedance instrumentation can thus be made wearable, portable and implantable, while also allowing integration into flexible embodiments [4], [182]- [184].…”

Section: Bioimpedance Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differential dc voltage across the current source terminal should be zero. Load-in-theloop [199] and differential Howland current sources [6], [180], [195], [200] are the most common approaches when using discrete components, while for integrated realizations, operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA) with feedback through current sense resistors to regulate the injected current are often used [177], [201], [202]. In the load-in-the-loop configuration, the tissue (Z L ) is connected to the amplifier output through a small resistor R safe and the virtual ground of the inverting terminal, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Ac Current Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Kassanos

2021

IEEE Sensors J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrical bioimpedance entails the measurement of the electrical properties of tissues as a function of frequency. It is thus a spectroscopic technique. It has been applied in a plethora of biomedical applications for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. In this tutorial, the basics of electrical bioimpedance sensor design will be discussed. The electrode/electrolyte interface is thoroughly described, as well as methods for its modelling with equivalent circuits and computational tools. The design optimization and modelling of bipolar and tetrapolar bioimpedance sensors is presented in detail, based on the sensitivity theorem. Analytical and numerical modelling approaches for electric field simulations based on conformal mapping, point electrode approximations and the finite element method (FEM) are also elaborated. Finally, current trends on bioimpedance sensors are discussed followed by an overview of instrumentation methods for bioimpedance measurements, covering aspects of voltage signal excitations, current sources, voltage measurement front-end topologies and methods for computing the electrical impedance.

show abstract

Analog Integrated Current Drivers for Bioimpedance Applications: A Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Design of Low Cost Bio-impedance Measuring Instrument

Design of Low Cost Bio-impedance Measuring Instrument

Electrical Impedance Tomography for Biomedical Applications: Circuits and Systems Review

Bioimpedance Sensors: A Tutorial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About