Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives

Zwaan, Frank; Schreurs, Guido; Buiter, Susanne; Ferrer, Oriol; Reitano, Riccardo; Rudolf, Michael; Willingshofer, Ernst

doi:10.5194/se-2022-8

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(419 reference statements)

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“…The resulting unfavourable orientation of normal faults to reactivate under compressive stress has been the subject of numerous studies (i.e. Jaeger and Cook, 1976;Cooper et al, 1989;Bonini 2012;Zwaan 2022) and it is the main reason why complete fault reactivation remains a very challenging process to create by means of analogue and/or 175 numerical modelling (e.g. Granado and Ruh, 2019).…”

Section: Mechanics Of Basin Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Winterton High 565 (Southern North Sea) is a widely studied classic symmetric inverted graben (e.g. Badley et al, 1989;Panien et al, 2005, Zwaan et al, 2022. Analysis from seismic data has revealed that the basin infill was compacted and vertically expelled https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1014 Preprint.…”

Section: Basin Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13b). Certain areas of the East Java Sea Basin show basin inversion due to reverse motion along the extensional listric fault (Zwaan et al, 2022). However, analysis from seismic data indicates that other inverted regions in the same basin localise compressional deformation partially via normal fault reactivation, and partially via new frontal thrusts that originate in the proximity of the normal faults (McClay, 1995) (Fig.…”

Section: Basin Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process in which compressional stresses induce basin uplift and reverse reactivation of normal faults in former extensional basins is commonly referred to as basin inversion (e.g. Cooper et al, 1989;Ziegler, 1989;Zwaan et al, 2022). 25…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous analogue modelling works have provided great insights on the spatio-temporal evolution of inverted basins, focussing on aspects such as the reactivation of listric normal faults (McClay, 1996), the influence of ductile layers during graben inversion (Brun and Nalpas, 1996), inversion of domino arrays (Buchanan and 60 McClay, 1992;Jagger and McClay, 2018), the roles of basin orientation and basin fill (Panien et al, 2006a), pre-existing discontinuities that localise shortening (Sassi et al, 1993;Di Domenica et al, 2014), and thorough review papers on this topic are available (e.g. McClay, 1995;Bonini et al, 2012;Zwaan et al, 2022). Additional numerical modelling, seismic and field studies have also shown the influence of specific boundary conditions such as the importance of salt tectonics in thick-and thin-skinned basin inversion (Hansen et al, 2021), the effect of changes in stress direction over time (Phillips 65 et al, 2017), or the influence of mechanically decoupled inverted systems (Krzywiec et al, 2022) and of the relative strength between inherited faults and syn-rift deposits (Granado and Ruh, 2019), among others.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analogue modelling of the inversion of multiple extensional basins in foreland fold-and-thrust belts

Molnar

Buiter²

2022

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Abstract. The presence of pre-existing rheological heterogeneities in the lithosphere plays a significant role during subsequent stages of deformation in essentially every geological process. Extensional basins located in foreland fold-and-thrust belts will alter the spatio-temporal evolution of its associated orogen. It remains unclear how far can horizontal stresses act and reactivate extensional structures, and it is difficult to interpret from the geological record how stresses were transferred across a heterogeneous crust. Here we examine the inversion of extensional basins in foreland fold-and-thrust belts by using three-dimensional analogue experiments that simulate first an extensional stage, followed by a shortening cycle. Our results show how extensional basins proximal to the orogenic front effectively localise deformation in the shape of thrusts and prevent stress transfer beyond their location. Basins that are located at large distances from the indenter also show evidence of mild inversion at early stages, but characterised only by basin infill contraction and uplift. When multiple extensional basins are present, although the degree and type of inversion will depend on their relative location and distance to the orogenic front, here were prove that the presence of additional extensional features in the vicinity of a basin can be a first order controlling factor in their reactivation history. We share additional insights of how a fold-and-thrust belt evolves once the extensional basins have been incorporated by the advancing wedge and we hope that comparisons with natural examples will shed light on some still unanswered questions related to the process of basin inversion in orogenic belts.

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Section: Mechanics Of Basin Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basin Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basin Upliftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analogue modelling of the inversion of multiple extensional basins in foreland fold-and-thrust belts

Molnar

Buiter²

2022

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The Relationship Between Inverted Normal Faults and Pure Thrusting During the Tectonic Inversion of the Domeyko Cordillera, Northern Chile: Structural and Seismic Interpretation and Analog Modeling Experiments

et al. 2022

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The orogenic growth of the Domeyko Cordillera was induced by a positive tectonic inversion. In this work, we have validated this interpretation from new field data, which were combined with 2‐D reflection seismic profile interpretations obtained along the Central Andes forearc of northern Chile. To compare with this information, we performed a new series of Analog Models dealing with positive tectonic inversion. On the basis of this, we propose an integrated kinematic model that describes the relationships between extensional structures, inversion structures, and pure thrust faulting. The proposed model is developed with an initial syn‐rift phase related to the filling of half‐graben basins, followed by a positive tectonic inversion phase. Our models show two main structural styles: partially inverted normal faults and newly formed pure thrust faulting. The partial inversion of previous normal faults represents the initial stage of exhumation of the syn‐rift deposits. The pure thrusting consists of east‐verging faults, which decapitate early or partially inverted normal faults. The first type of structures are compared with west‐verging inverted, or partially inverted, normal faults, inversion anticlines, and buttressing structures, exposed on the western flank of the Domeyko Cordillera. The second type of structures are compared with the east‐verging thrust faults exposed on the eastern flank of the Domeyko Cordillera. Finally, we consider that the architecture of the Domeyko Fault System is associated with inversion structures and pure thrust faulting; being these faults first‐order structures that led to the orogenic growth of the Domeyko Cordillera from the Upper Cretaceous.

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Analogue modelling of basin inversion: the role of oblique kinematics and implications for the Araripe Basin (Brazil)

Richetti

Zwaan

Schreurs

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Basin inversion is a process that takes place when a sedimentary basin is subjected to compressional stresses and may result in the reactivation of pre-existing faults and/or the localization of deformation along new reverse faults. The Araripe Basin (NE Brazil) is an example of a Cretaceous intracontinental aborted rift with its sedimentary infill found at ca. 1000 m altitude in the present day. Post-rift basin inversion is proposed as the cause of this topographic high, however how inversion mechanisms affected this basin is a matter of debate with two end member scenarios: reactivation of pre-existing normal faults leading to local uplift, or regional tectonic uplift. In this study, we conducted analogue models of basin inversion to test these scenarios. We present two series of crustal-scale brittle-viscous experiments: i) extension followed by compression without sedimentation, with a variation of rifting and inversion directions (orthogonal or 45° oblique) and ii) extension and compression with syn-rift sedimentation, with the same variation in rifting and inversion directions. We used a seed representing a structural weakness that was applied at the base of the brittle layer to localize deformation along the model axis. We found that orthogonal rifting without sedimentation forms through-going border faults, whereas oblique rifting creates initial en-echelon faults that eventually link up creating large border faults. Rift basins with syn-rift sedimentation evolved in a similar fashion, however sedimentary loading increased subsidence. During inversion, most deformation is accommodated along new low angle reverse faults. Within that framework, significant intra-graben fault reactivation occurred in models without sedimentation. By contrast, syn-rift sedimentation caused only minor reactivation of rift faults in oblique inversion since the sediments acted as a buffer during compression; no rift fault reactivation occurred in orthogonal compression situations. Comparing the existing scenarios for inversion in the Araripe Basin with our model results and field data show that these scenarios do not fully explain the natural example. Therefore, we propose an alternative scenario based on our models, involving oblique compression and the development of low angle reverse faults, which better explains inversion in the Araripe Basin.

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Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives

Cited by 5 publications

References 142 publications

Analogue modelling of the inversion of multiple extensional basins in foreland fold-and-thrust belts

Analogue modelling of the inversion of multiple extensional basins in foreland fold-and-thrust belts

The Relationship Between Inverted Normal Faults and Pure Thrusting During the Tectonic Inversion of the Domeyko Cordillera, Northern Chile: Structural and Seismic Interpretation and Analog Modeling Experiments

Analogue modelling of basin inversion: the role of oblique kinematics and implications for the Araripe Basin (Brazil)

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