Analyse de la Flore des Alpes. 1: Historique et Biodiversité

Aeschimann, David; Rasolofo, Nathalie; Theurillat, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.15553/c2011v661a2

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This intraspecific borderline supports a classical biogeographic boundary between the Eastern and Western Alps (Aeschimann et al . ), which has often emerged in biogeographic (Pampanini ; Pawłowski ) or vegetation ecological (Ozenda ) contexts. It showed little congruence, however, with break zones of species or allele distributions in a recent multispecies study (Thiel‐Egenter et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extreme disjunction between Beringia and Europe in Ranunculus glacialis s. l. (Ranunculaceae) does not coincide with the deepest genetic split – a story of the importance of temperate mountain ranges in arctic–alpine phylogeography

2012

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The arctic-alpine Ranunculus glacialis s. l. is distributed in high-mountain ranges of temperate Europe and in the North, where it displays an extreme disjunction between the North Atlantic Arctic and Beringia. Based on comprehensive sampling and employing plastid and nuclear marker systems, we (i) test whether the European/Beringian disjunction correlates with the main evolutionary diversification, (ii) reconstruct the phylogeographic history in the Arctic and in temperate mountains and (iii) assess the susceptibility of arctic and mountain populations to climate change. Both data sets revealed several well-defined lineages, mostly with a coherent geographic distribution. The deepest evolutionary split did not coincide with the European/Beringian disjunction but occurred within the Alps. The Beringian lineage and North Atlantic Arctic populations, which reached their current distribution via rapid postglacial colonization, show connections to two divergent pools of Central European populations. Thus, immigration into the Arctic probably occurred at least twice. The presence of a rare cpDNA lineage related to Beringia in the Carpathians supports the role of these mountains as a stepping stone between temperate Europe and the non-European Arctic, and as an important area of high-mountain biodiversity. The temperate and arctic ranges presented contrasting phylogeographic histories: a largely static distribution in the former and rapid latitudinal spread in the latter. The persistence of ancient lineages with a strictly regional distribution suggests that the ability of R. glacialis to survive repeated climatic changes within southern mountain ranges is greater than what recently was predicted for alpine plants from climatic envelope modelling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extreme disjunction between Beringia and Europe in Ranunculus glacialis s. l. (Ranunculaceae) does not coincide with the deepest genetic split – a story of the importance of temperate mountain ranges in arctic–alpine phylogeography

2012

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“…Arenaria bernensis-as other Swiss alpine plant endemics (e.g., Artemisia nivalis and Draba ladina)-has a very small range with a restricted number of populations (Widmer and Baltisberger 1999;Aeschimann et al 2011). In fact, its distribution area is composed of an archipelago of six peripheral summits isolated from each other by distances of 5-10 km.…”

Section: Life On An Archipelagomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 % of the 4,485 taxa inhabiting this mountain range (Aeschimann et al 2011). Some of these endemics are widespread in all parts of the Alps (e.g., Cirsium spinosissimum or Epilobium fleischeri).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some like it cold: distribution, ecology and phylogeny of Arenaria bernensis Favarger (Caryophyllaceae) from the western Prealps in Switzerland

Berthouzoz

Maendly²,

Bétrisey

et al. 2013

Alp Botany

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Arenaria bernensis (Caryophyllaceae), traditionally placed within the Arenaria ciliata aggregate and discovered only in 1955, is a poorly studied endemic taxon of western Prealps in Switzerland. In this study, we aimed to deliver the first detailed appraisal on morphology, distribution and ecology of A. bernensis accompanied by first molecular insights into the A. ciliata aggregate using chloroplast (cp) DNA markers. Altogether 18 populations attributed morphologically to A. bernensis were found during our field surveys. The distribution area of A. bernensis forms an irregular line of ca. 50 km from the southwest (Dent de Lys, FR) to the north-east (Stockhorn, BE).The taxon counts globally ca. 4,000 individuals and the majority of populations are small (\100 individuals). Furthermore, our study demonstrates clear ecological and phytosociological differentiation between A. bernensis and Arenaria multicaulis, another member of the A. ciliata complex growing in the same geographic area. Arenaria bernensis grows exclusively on shady, cool and steep slopes with northern exposition in the alpine zone above 1,900-2,000 m a.s.l. Results of our chloroplast DNA analyses suggest that the A. ciliata aggregate is a monophyletic group (including A. ciliata s.str., A. multicaulis, A. gothica and A. bernensis). Additionally, A. bernensis is genetically closer to A. multicaulis than to A. ciliata s.str. However, our data also suggest that A. bernensis has a complex evolutionary history. Future investigation of nuclear genomic DNA is needed to clarify the phylogenetic status of A. bernensis. The present paper also delivers a first scientific drawing of A. bernensis and a detailed English description of its morphology. The here documented narrow endemic character of A. bernensis emphasizes the role of the western Prealps as a peripheral refugia during Quaternary glaciations.

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“…Like many other alpine plant endemics (Aeschimann et al 2011), Hladnikia pastinacifolia, has an extremely restricted distribution. Due to its inability to colonize appropriate habitats in a wider range due to several reasons, due to genetic depauperation, which make its capacity of adaptation to climate change even weaker, Hladnikia pastinacifolia is a strictly protected species (Šajna et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five hundred and one endemic taxa have been described in the Alps, comprising ca. 9% of the 4,485 taxa inhabiting this mountain range (Aeschimann et al 2011). The most emblematic species are the narrow endemics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of the Narrow Endemic Hladnikia pastinacifolia (Apiaceae)

Ambrožič-Dolinšek¹,

Ciringer²,

Kaligarič³

2016

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-The monotypic Hladnikia pastinacifolia Rchb. is a narrow endemic species, with an extremely small distribution area in Slovenia, prone to any kind of threat that could lead to species extinction. Tissue culture techniques are proposed as a conservation measure for rapid propagation and ex-situ conservation. Tissue culture was initiated from seeds and juvenile plants obtained from natural sites on a solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with and without growth regulators. We tested various combinations and concentrations of growth regulators, and the best proliferation of axillary shoots, on average 14, was obtained on MS medium with 5 μM BAP and 3 μM IBA and 3% sucrose. Rooting was achieved after transferral of the shoots to an MS medium with 2 μM IBA and 3% sucrose. The rooted plants were acclimatized on a mixture of limestone sand, potting soil and vermiculite in a ratio of 10:2:2, with pH in the range of 7.5-8.0. In vitro propagation methods provide an important opportunity for the propagation and preservation of H. pastinacifolia by rapidly increasing the number of plants, without disturbing the wild population.

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Analyse de la Flore des Alpes. 1: Historique et Biodiversité

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

The extreme disjunction between Beringia and Europe in Ranunculus glacialis s. l. (Ranunculaceae) does not coincide with the deepest genetic split – a story of the importance of temperate mountain ranges in arctic–alpine phylogeography

The extreme disjunction between Beringia and Europe in Ranunculus glacialis s. l. (Ranunculaceae) does not coincide with the deepest genetic split – a story of the importance of temperate mountain ranges in arctic–alpine phylogeography

Some like it cold: distribution, ecology and phylogeny of Arenaria bernensis Favarger (Caryophyllaceae) from the western Prealps in Switzerland

Micropropagation of the Narrow Endemic Hladnikia pastinacifolia (Apiaceae)

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