Analyses of Active Earth Pressure Against Rigid Retaining Wall Subjected to Different Modes of Movement

Stress–strain modeling of EPS geofoam for large-strain applications

“…Therefore, any attempt to frame the constitutive law of EPS geofoam necessitates to include the terms that can express these dependencies. Matsuzawa and Hazarika (1996) developed a constitutive model, describing the backfill behavior of a retaining wall problem, based on the incremental theory of plasticity with non-associative flow rule. The general form of constitutive relation obtained from that model, for any geologic material displaying non-linear strain hardening behavior, can be expressed as follows:…”

The Analysis of Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall based on ABAQUS

“…When displacement is very small, it can be drawn that the earth pressure on the rigid wall Can be seen as the static earth pressure, and it can be seen that the displacement mode of gravity retaining wall is RB mode, moreover, the numerical results obtained by the bottom of the wall near the earth pressure value is significantly higher than the value of the static earth pressure, Fang (1986), Matsuzawa (1996) named the "dead zone" which is the soil area of earth pressure near the bottom of the wall keeping high value, this model better simulate the "dead zone". The influence of the earth pressure on the Retaining wall which due to the change of retaining wall'stiffness can be thought of as the change of the transition between the active earth pressure to the static earth pressure [4] . (2) According to the figure 8，you can see the earth pressure on the Retaining wall become a linear change under the distribution of the average load.…”

Active earth pressure of retaining wall considering wall movement

“…It assumes the backfill attains a limit state and the strain within the soil, developed as a result of wall movement, is large enough to mobilise the shear stress to support the soil (Niedostatkiewicz, Lesniewska, & Tejchman, 2011;Widuliński et al, 2011). However, when the wall movement is restricted or is less than the magnitude necessary to reach the limit condition, the mobilised earth pressures become greater than that of the limit state (Matsuzawa & Hazarika, 1996). Numerous experimental investigations (Bourgeois, Soyez, & Le Kouby, 2011;Chen & Chiu, 2008;Tejchman, 2011) have reported that the earth pressure is not only associated with the mode of wall movement but also with the magnitude developed.…”