Analyses of employment incentives and barriers for individuals with psychiatric disabilities.

Abstract

Our findings indicated incentives for employment may provide a better guide for correlations of and commitment to employment when compared to barriers. We discuss the implications for employment for individuals with psychiatric disabilities.

Psychosocial Functioning in Bipolar Disorder from a Social Justice Perspective

“…People with BD therefore appear to suffer unemployment at least partly because employers refuse to hire or retain them (Michalak et al, 2007;Michalak et al, 2011). This notion is consistent with research findings in BD and MI generally indicating that stigma-related constructs are stronger predictors of employment outcomes than diagnosis, employment history or symptoms (Baldwin & Marcus, 2011;Krupa, 2011b;Larson et al, 2011;Michalak et al, 2007;Tse & Walsh, 2001;Tse, 2002;Tse & Yeats, 2002). Unemployment and underemployment in BD therefore may not emanate solely or even primarily from the limiting effects of psychiatric symptoms.…”

Psychological Predictors of Vocational Success for People with Psychotic Illness

“…Some s ervice providers caution against returning to work citing workplace stress as a factor in relapse and have discouraged individuals from pursuing vocational opportunities (Larson et al, 2007). Being familiar with the stages of change model (Prochaska & Di Clemente, 1982), identifying the individual's level of readiness to return to work and using cognitive restructuring techniques that enhance the belief that returning to work is possible have been shown to strengthen employment commitment (Johannesen et al, 2009; Larson et al, 2007; Larson et al, 2011). Acknowledging pre-illness career development and also an express desire to work are also important in the return to work process (Gioia, 2005).…”

“…However, both employed and unemployed participants identified stress as a cost and benefit of working. In their later study, Larson et al (2011) revealed that having the opportunity to successfully manage work stress could be seen as an incentive to stay in the workplace.…”

Work Reintegration for Veterans With Mental Disorders: A Systematic Literature Review to Inform Research

“…49 A primary focus on the amelioration of symptoms for people with mental health disorders is unlikely to facilitate their work reintegration. This conclusion is supported by evidence for effective employment programs for people with severe mental illness that do not exclude people on the basis of symptoms, 15 whose symptoms may not improve with work, 52 and whose symptoms are not a barrier to job acquisition, 53,64 and for musculoskeletal disorders, in which interventions that reduce sick leave are not effective in reducing symptoms. 51 Work and health influence each other in complex interactions.…”