In this article, vibration behavior of a micro cylindrical sandwich panel with foam core and reinforced graphene platelet composite layers on the top and bottom resting on elastic foundation based on modified couple stress theory is investigated. Hamilton’s principle is used to determine the governing equations of motion. These equations are solved by Navier’s method to obtain the natural frequencies. The results are compared with the extracted results by the other literatures. The effects of different parameters such as temperature change, volume fraction of graphene platelet, length to radius ratio, and the elastic foundation on the natural frequencies have been carried out. Also, the effects of reinforced materials for layers is discussed and compared with unreinforced composites layers. Sandwich structures are wildly used in different applications such as spacecraft, aeronautical, pressurized gas tanks, boilers, aircraft fuselage, marines, and civil structures, and these cases need high strength and low weight. The present work is a theoretical background for more explorations and further experimental researchers in the field of cylindrical reinforced panels.