Analyses of Radioprotective Action and Cytotoxicity of Various Sulfhydryl Compounds in Cultured Mouse L Cells

A biphasic radiosensitization of human lymphocytes by diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), a metal chelator, was observed. The first phase occurred at 10(-5) M and the second at 10(-3) MDDC. The biphasic radiosensitization coincided with the previously reported biphasic toxicity of DDC. Inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) occurred only in the second phase, suggesting that it may be a contributing cause of this phase. The mechanism of the first radiosensitization phase is not known. The radiation survival curves indicated the presence of at least two lymphocyte populations differing in their radiosensitivity and representing 40 per cent and 60 per cent of the cells. Both cell populations were biphasically radiosensitized by DDC.

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Biphasic Radiosensitization of Human Lymphocytes by Diethyldithiocarbamate: Possible Involvement of Superoxide Dismutase

Rigas¹,

Eginitis-Rigas²,

Bigley³

et al. 1980

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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WR-2721, Its Derivatives and Their Radioprotective Effects on Mammalian Cells in Culture

Mori

Watanabe

Horikawa³

et al. 1983

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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Although it is well known that WR-2721 is very efficient in protecting mice against lethal irradiation, we could not find any radioprotective effect of WR-2721 on mouse L cells in culture. But WR-1065 alone (free SH form of WR-2721), and WR-2721 pre-incubated with mouse liver homogenate, showed radioprotective ability. It was found that mouse liver homogenate dephosphorylated WR-2721 to WR-1065. The highest WR-2721 metabolizing activity was found in mouse liver homogenate and Chang liver cell homogenate. Homogenates of human liver and kidney were also shown to possess moderate activity for metabolizing WR-2721. These results suggest to us that WR-2721 must be dephosphorylated before exerting its radioprotective effect and that this dephosphorylating activity varies with tissues. It is demonstrated therefore that mouse L cell in culture is a novel system to assess the extent of dephosphorylation of WR-2721 in various tissues.

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Radioprotective Effect of 2-mercaptopropionylglycine on Radiation-induced Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation

Ayene

Srivastava

1985

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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Radiation-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation was measured following gamma-irradiation (66-399 Gy) in the presence or absence of 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG) at low and high concentrations (0.03 and 0.1 mg/ml). At high concentrations of MPG, enhancement of lipid peroxidation was observed instead of reduction. Following gamma-irradiation at 266.4 Gy, lipid peroxidation increased with increasing concentrations of MPG. The spontaneous lipid peroxidation also increased with increasing concentrations of MPG. When MPG and EDTA were added together, radioprotection was observed even at high concentrations of MPG after different doses of radiation. An increase in radioprotection with increasing concentrations of MPG in the presence of EDTA at 266.4 Gy was also observed. The exogenous supply of Fe2+ during irradiation was found to eliminate the 'threshold dose' which has to be delivered before MPG shows an 'enhancement effect'. A possible mechanism for the enhancement of radiation-induced lipid peroxidation is proposed.

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Analyses of Radioprotective Action and Cytotoxicity of Various Sulfhydryl Compounds in Cultured Mouse L Cells

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Biphasic Radiosensitization of Human Lymphocytes by Diethyldithiocarbamate: Possible Involvement of Superoxide Dismutase

Biphasic Radiosensitization of Human Lymphocytes by Diethyldithiocarbamate: Possible Involvement of Superoxide Dismutase

WR-2721, Its Derivatives and Their Radioprotective Effects on Mammalian Cells in Culture

Radioprotective Effect of 2-mercaptopropionylglycine on Radiation-induced Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation

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