Analyses of the Characteristics of Japanese Bilateral Upper Eyelid Curves and Impressions of Masculine/Feminine

Watanabe, Ryusuke; Kawakami, Mari; Harada, Toshinobu

doi:10.5057/jjske.tjske-d-15-00045

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Previous research has described age-related changes in eye morphology, such as some eyelid dimensions, in women of different ethnicity, including Japanese and Chinese women. However, measurements of eyelid shape in Asian women have been reported only in the frontal view or 45-degree profile view [4][5][6][7][8][9] and not in the full 90-degree profile view. Moreover, in the frontal view, the age-related changes were reported only between older and younger women, 6,9 with no numerical data provided for narrower age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper eyelid morphology and age‐related changes in Japanese and Chinese females

Udodaira,

Yokoyama,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Skin Research and Technology

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BackgroundMany consumers use cosmetic eye products to counteract age‐related changes in appearance. Measurements of eyelid shape in Asian women have been reported in the frontal view or 45‐degree profile only. The aim of this study was to describe morphological characteristics of the upper eyelid in Japanese and Chinese females from the frontal and profile aspects and examine morphological changes with age.Materials and methodsStandardized digital photographs of 772 Japanese and 346 Chinese women (15‐79 years of age) were acquired in frontal and 90‐degree profile aspects. Eleven upper eyelid parameters (e.g., width, length, depth, aperture, and curvature) were measured using image analysis to determine age‐related changes and compare by ethnicity.ResultsEyelid width, area between eyebrow and eyelid, and eyelid curvature were comparable for both ethnicities under age 40, but the aging effect was more pronounced in Chinese subjects. Eyelid height, depth, and upper eyelid aperture angle were also comparable for both ethnicities under age 40, but the aging effect was more evident in Japanese subjects. Upper eyelid incline angle, eye orientation, and upper eyelid protrusion angle changed comparably with age for both ethnicities. No prominent age‐related changes were evident for eyelid length or area between eyebrow and eye with the eye closed.ConclusionUpper eyelid morphology changes with age in Japanese and Chinese females, starting around 40 years of age. Ethnic differences are limited in younger age groups but become more prominent with age. The findings suggest that aging affects some upper eyelid features earlier than others.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper eyelid morphology and age‐related changes in Japanese and Chinese females

Udodaira,

Yokoyama,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Skin Research and Technology

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Feature Analysis of Impressions around Women’s Eyes and Eyebrows using Neural Network

Ueno

Harada

ISHIGURO³

2023

Transactions of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering

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In recent years, due to the spread of the new coronavirus, it has become common to wear masks in daily life. As a result, makeup around the eyes and eyebrows has become one of the most important aspects of the facial impression one gives to others. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the proportions of women's eyes and eyebrows after wearing makeup and their impressions of three items: gender, age, and gorgeousness, using a neural network. First, the proportions were measured from the 2,014 facial images collected, and a neural network was trained using the three impression items of a facial images evaluated by beauty experts as supervised signals. Next, we analyzed the impact of each proportion on the three impression items. Finally, an experiment was conducted with the same experts to verify whether analysis results were adequate. The results revealed how the proportions of the eyes and eyebrows affect the impression one gives to others.

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Feature Extraction using Deep Learning and Analyses of Curvature on Facial Shapes across Two Races and between Males and Females

YAMADA,

HARADA,

YAMADA

et al. 2024

Transactions of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering

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In plastic surgery for facial reconstruction and gender conformity, the aspect of appearance of a natural-looking male/ female face is an important factor in the perfection of the surgery. However, there is a problem that the perfection of the postoperative facial shapes after surgery is greatly influenced by the skill of each plastic surgeon. Therefore, it is useful to verify the male/female areas of each patient's face in order to create an appropriate shape for each patient. In this study, we generated 100 cross-sectional images per person from 3D models of male and female faces, and trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) using gender and race as the classification criteria The trained CNN was then used to visualize the acquired facial features using Grad-CAM and analyze the feature curves. The results revealed that the characteristics of the curves in specific facial regions represent the gender and racial traits.

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Analyses of the Characteristics of Japanese Bilateral Upper Eyelid Curves and Impressions of Masculine/Feminine

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Upper eyelid morphology and age‐related changes in Japanese and Chinese females

Upper eyelid morphology and age‐related changes in Japanese and Chinese females

Feature Analysis of Impressions around Women’s Eyes and Eyebrows using Neural Network

Feature Extraction using Deep Learning and Analyses of Curvature on Facial Shapes across Two Races and between Males and Females

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