Analysing classes of motion drive algorithms based on paired comparison techniques

Abstract

A paired comparison experiment using 23 subjects was run on the VIRTTEX driving simulator to compare a lane position based motion drive algorithm (MDA) with a classical MDA for a highway speed, lane change manoeuvre. Two different tuning states of the lane position algorithm and four different tuning states for the classical algorithm were tested. The subjective fidelity of the six different motion cases was compared with each other and a Bradley-Terry model was fit to find the fidelity merit of each case. In addition, the driving performance of the subjects for six motion cases was recorded and compared. The motion-tuning cases were selected such that the trade-off in motion quality between overall motion scaling and motion shape distortion (shape-error), as well as the trade-off between lateral specific force and roll-rate motion errors, could be studied. It was found that when the overall scaling is the same, drivers perform better with the lane position algorithm than with the the classical algorithm. A well-tuned, manoeuvre-specific, classical MDA, however, did achieve a subjective fidelity level on a par with the lane position MDA. A generically tuned classical MDA, however, has a significantly reduced fidelity and driving performance when compared with a lane position algorithm with the same scale factor. A strong trade-off between motion shape-errors and overall motion scaling was found. A small increase in motion cue shape-error, combined with an increase in the scale factor from 0.3 to 0.5, led to improved performance and increased subjective fidelity. The results of the experiment also suggest that simulator motion can be improved by reducing the angular-rate shape-error at the expense of the specific force shape-error (while keeping the total normalised shape-error constant).

Motion Scaling for High-Performance Driving Simulators

“…The score for each of the comparisons is the number of times that a condition was preferred over the other [31]. A chi-square test was used to check the significance of the paired comparison analysis.…”

Evaluation of Vehicle Ride Height Adjustments Using a Driving Simulator

“…Considering the range of tilt-coordination parameters used in the literature [28][29][30][31], tilt setting candidates were reviewed during the experimental design, and angular velocity and accelerations of 4 deg/s and 4 deg/s 2 were found to be acceptable based on the normal and professional drivers' comments who participated in the design and piloting steps. , 1 2…”

A novel motion cueing algorithm integrated multi-sensory system–Vestibular and proprioceptive system

“…In fact, the simulated specific force is properly scaled from the target signal, thus the huge deviation of the specific force due to the scale components is deduced to have a little negative effect on the motion perception. 18,26,27 On the other hand, the average form errors, λ1f,sh; λ2f,sh; λ1ω,sh, can be the source of the false cues if the distortion is above the threshold of the motion perception. Especially, the simulated rotational motion, in this simulation task, can bring the undesired rotational motion that does not exist in the target motion.…”