“…The global financial crisis (GFC), the European debt crisis (Mokni & Mansouri, 2017) as well as the recent COVID-19 (coronavirus crisis) pandemic. Many researchers (Azimli, 2020;Sharif et al, 2020;Spulbar et al, 2020;Birau et al, 2021;Coker-Farrell et al, 2021) have investigated the behavior of certain international stock markets. Youssef et al (2021) examined the correlation between the stock market and the uncertainty of economic policies in China, Italy, France, Germany, Spain, Russia, the United States, and the United Kingdom on the COVID-19 pandemic.…”