Analysing species-specific light transmission and related crown characteristics of<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>and<i>Betula pendula</i>using a shoot-level 3D model

Lintunen, Anna; Kaitaniemi, Pekka; Perttunen, Jari; Sievänen, Risto

doi:10.1139/cjfr-2013-0178

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…We recognized the positive impact of birch (birch crown projection area) on oak density. Light transmission was found to be higher in dense birchdominated stands than in dense pine-dominated stands because of the higher total foliage area and the higher location of foliage in the pine canopy (Lintunen et al 2013). Because pedunculate oak is a lightdemanding species (Savill 2019), it requires at least 20% full sunlight to avoid severe growth depression (Ligot et al 2013).…”

Section: Regeneration Of Oak Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Stand Features and Soil Enzyme Activity on Spontaneous Pedunculate Oak Regeneration in Scots Pine Dominated Stands – Implication for Forest Management

Dobrowolska

Kurek

Olszowska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundA challenge in current forestry is adaptation of managed forests to climate change, which is likely to alter the main processes of forest dynamics, i.e. natural regeneration. Scots pine will probably lose some parts of its distribution area in Europe. However, two native oaks, pedunculate and sessile may maintain or expand the area of their occurrence in central Europe. The utilization of spontaneous (not initialized by foresters) oak regeneration in Scots pine stands for the creation of next generation stands is one of the adaptation methods to climate change. Many factors influencing pedunculate oak regeneration are well known, but there is a lack of knowledge on the relation between soil enzyme activity and the establishment and development of the species. The aim of the study was to identify the relationships among stand characteristics, herb species composition, soil enzyme activity and the establishment or recruitment of oak regeneration in Scots pine-dominated stands. ResultsThe one of the most influential factors shaping the oak seedling count was dehydrogenase activity in the humus horizon. We found that plots without litter and fern cover had higher seedling density. The raspberry ground cover and birch crown projection area had a positive influence on oak seedling number. The factor indicating good conditions for high density of oak saplings was phosphatase activity in the organic horizon. The same enzyme activity but in humus horizon described conditions in which more numerous recruits were observed.ConclusionsThe activity of soil enzymes can be treated as a predictor of site conditions but also as a predictor of the establishment and advancement of oak regeneration. The general density of spontaneous oak regeneration was not sufficient for the creation of new generation forest stands dominated by oak, but it is possible to use them as admixtures in new generation stands.

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Section: Regeneration Of Oak Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Stand Features and Soil Enzyme Activity on Spontaneous Pedunculate Oak Regeneration in Scots Pine Dominated Stands – Implication for Forest Management

Dobrowolska

Kurek

Olszowska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…In general, pine, birch and spruce profiles were well matched between the UAS and ALS approaches. Though dependent on the specific ALS instrumentation and proxy method applied (Korhonen et al ., 2011 ), estimated extinction coefficients were similar to literature values, with the birch plots closest to the theoretical spherical leaf angle distribution‐derived k of 0.5 (Lintunen et al ., 2013 ). This is not surprising as we used UAS imagery to estimate extinction coefficients, but the parameter estimation does demonstrate a novel use of the UAS profiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncrewed aircraft system spherical photography for the vertical characterization of canopy structural traits

et al. 2022

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The plant area index (PAI) is a structural trait that succinctly parametrizes the foliage distribution of a canopy and is usually estimated using indirect optical techniques such as digital hemispherical photography. Critically, on-the-ground photographic measurements forgo the vertical variation of canopy structure which regulates the local light environment. Hence new approaches are sought for vertical sampling of traits.We present an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) spherical photographic method to obtain structural traits throughout the depth of tree canopies. Our method explained 89% of the variation in PAI when compared with ground-based hemispherical photography.When comparing UAS vertical trait profiles with airborne laser scanning data, we found highest agreement in an open birch (Betula pendula/pubescens) canopy. Minor disagreement was found in dense spruce (Picea abies) stands, especially in the lower canopy.Our new method enables easy estimation of the vertical dimension of canopy structural traits in previously inaccessible spaces. The method is affordable and safe and therefore readily usable by plant scientists.

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“…Contrary to what was observed for birch, an increasing proportion of pine had no consistent effect on understorey vegetation height, species richness or species diversity. Although birches and pines were equally high at the time of the survey (Castagneyrol et al 2018), light interception by birches is lower than by pine (Lintunen et al 2013). In addition, deciduous trees allow a large amount of light to pass through before leaf expansion (Sercu et al 2017), which can be used by understorey evergreen species such as Ericaceae, which are quite abundant in our experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy composition and drought shape understorey plant assemblages in a young tree diversity experiment

Corcket

Alard

Halder

et al. 2020

J Vegetation Science

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Questions: Tree diversity is key to the functioning of forest ecosystems. However, which components of tree diversity are responsible for tree diversity effects on associated organisms, and in which context, is poorly understood. Location: ORPHEE Experimental site, Cestas-Pierroton in the southwest of France. Methods: We used a large-scale tree diversity experiment in which we controlled water availability by an irrigation treatment to address tree diversity and water stress effects on the diversity and height of forest understorey vegetation. We assessed the species richness and height of understorey vegetation in irrigated and non-irrigated 20 m × 20 m plots, either being monocultures of Pinus pinaster, Betula pendula or Quercus robur, or either mixtures of two to five species among Pinus pinaster, Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Quercus ilex and Quercus pyrenaica. Results: Tree species composition, i.e. the proportion of birch or pine, had a significant effect on understorey plant assemblage, species richness and diversity. The proportion of the fast-growing deciduous angiosperm Betula pendula was negatively correlated to understorey plant richness and diversity, and positively correlated with understorey vegetation height. Understorey vegetation was higher in irrigated plots than in non-irrigated plots, but irrigation had no clear effect on the species richness, diversity or composition of understorey plant assemblages. Conclusions: Forest tree species composition and in particular the relative proportions of different tree species had stronger effects on understorey plants than tree species richness per se. These effects were consistent across irrigation treatments. Even in young forest plantations, effects of tree mixture on understorey vegetation may be observed and seem mainly driven by the functional type of tree in the canopy and initial dynamics of plant regeneration in planted forests.

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Analysing species-specific light transmission and related crown characteristics ofPinus sylvestrisandBetula pendulausing a shoot-level 3D model

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

Effects of Stand Features and Soil Enzyme Activity on Spontaneous Pedunculate Oak Regeneration in Scots Pine Dominated Stands – Implication for Forest Management

Effects of Stand Features and Soil Enzyme Activity on Spontaneous Pedunculate Oak Regeneration in Scots Pine Dominated Stands – Implication for Forest Management

Uncrewed aircraft system spherical photography for the vertical characterization of canopy structural traits

Canopy composition and drought shape understorey plant assemblages in a young tree diversity experiment

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