Analysis and assessment of the risk of snow and freezing disaster in China

Gao, Jingmin

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.09.007

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Simulation method provides an effective and promising method that can support the understanding of dynamics, processes and the formation mechanism of environmental risk [53,54]. This study offers an improved SWAT model to simulate the response of streamflow to vegetation cover change and climate variations under multiple scenarios and aims to understand the ecohydrological responses of a water-limited environment to climate changes and to human activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Effects of Vegetation Cover Degradation and Environmental Implications in a Semiarid Temperate Steppe, China

Sun

Yang²,

Hao

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Studying the impact of vegetation dynamics on hydrological processes is essential for environmental management to reduce ecological environment risk and develop sustainable water management strategies under global warming. This case study simulated the responses of streamflow to vegetation cover degradation under climate variations in the Xilin River Basin in a semi-arid steppe of northern China. The snowmelt and river ice melting processes in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were improved to estimate the changes in streamflow under multiple scenarios. Results showed that the improved SWAT simulations matched well to the measured monthly streamflow for both calibration (determination coefficient R 2 = 0.75 and Nash-Sutcliffe E NS = 0.67) and validation periods (R 2 = 0.74 and E NS = 0.68). Simulations of vegetation change revealed that obvious changes occurred in streamflow through conversion between high and low vegetation covers. The reductions in vegetation cover can elevate streamflow in both rainfall and snowmelt season, but the effects are most pronounced during the rainfall seasons (i.e., the growing seasons) and in drier years. These findings highlight the importance of vegetation degradation on modifying the hydrological partitioning in a semi-arid steppe basin. We conclude that in a particular climate zone, vegetation cover change is one of the important contributing factors to streamflow variations. Increases in streamflow in water-limited regions will likely reduce the effective water content of soil, which in turn leads to further degradation risk in vegetation. Therefore, vegetation cover management is one of the most effective and sustainable methods of improving water resources in water-constrained regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Effects of Vegetation Cover Degradation and Environmental Implications in a Semiarid Temperate Steppe, China

Sun

Yang²,

Hao

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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“…Evidence exists that extreme climate events impact a broad range of ecosystems [75][76][77]. Moreover, according to IPCC climate models, it is likely that such extreme events will become more frequent and more intense in the future, although there is considerable uncertainty in climate model predictions [64].…”

Section: Potential Extreme Climate Effect On Laimentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Coupling between Vegetation Leaf Area and Climate in a Multifunctional Watershed, Northwestern China

et al. 2016

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Accurate detection and quantification of vegetation dynamics and drivers of observed climatic and anthropogenic change in space and time is fundamental for our understanding of the atmosphere-biosphere interactions at local and global scales. This case study examined the coupled spatial patterns of vegetation dynamics and climatic variabilities during the past three decades in the Upper Heihe River Basin (UHRB), a complex multiple use watershed in arid northwestern China. We apply empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis to isolate and identify the spatial patterns of satellite-derived leaf area index (LAI) and their close relationship with the variability of an aridity index (AI = Precipitation/Potential Evapotranspiration). Results show that UHRB has become increasingly warm and wet during the past three decades. In general, the rise of air temperature and precipitation had a positive impact on mean LAI at the annual scale. At the monthly scale, LAI variations had a lagged response to climate. Two major coupled spatial change patterns explained 29% and 41% of the LAI dynamics during 1983-2000 and 2001-2010, respectively. The strongest connections between climate and LAI were found in the southwest part of the basin prior to 2000, but they shifted towards the north central area afterwards, suggesting that the sensitivity of LAI to climate varied over time, and that human disturbances might play an important role in altering LAI patterns. At the basin level, the positive effects of regional climate warming and precipitation increase as well as local ecological restoration efforts overwhelmed the negative effects of overgrazing. The study results offer insights about the coupled effects of climatic variability and grazing on ecosystem structure and functions at a watershed scale. Findings from this study are useful for land managers and policy makers to make better decisions in response to climate change in the study region.

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“…Climate change and human activities have altered global hydrological cycles (Christensen and Lettenmaier 2007;Brooks 2009;Cuo et al 2009;Xu et al 2016;Li et al 2017;Yang et al 2017;Hao et al 2018a) including the evapotranspiration (ET) processes (Zalewski 2000;Xu et al 2015), resulting in a series of environmental and socioeconomic impacts such as deterioration of water quality, increased runoff, and risk of floods (Roderick and Farquhar 2002;Grant et al 2012;Hallegatte et al 2013;Gao 2016;Gao and Sang 2017). ET is a key component of ecosystem water and energy balances (Hao et al 2015a;Liu et al 2017), and ET is also tightly coupled with the carbon cycle (Sun et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic Controls on Watershed Reference Evapotranspiration Varied during 1961–2012 in Southern China

Qin

Hao

Sun

et al. 2018

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an important hydrometeorological term widely used in understanding and projecting the hydrological effects of future climate and land use change. We conducted a case study in the Qinhuai River Basin that is dominated by a humid subtropical climate and mixed land uses in southern China. Long‐term (1961–2012) meteorological data were used to estimate ETo by the FAO‐56 Penman–Monteith model. The individual contribution from each meteorological variable to the trend of ETo was quantified. We found basin‐wide annual ETo decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by 3.82 mm/yr during 1961–1987, due to decreased wind speed, solar radiation, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and increased relative humidity (RH). However, due to the increased VPD and decreased RH, the ETo increased significantly (p < 0.05) in spring, autumn, and annually at a rate of 2.55, 0.56, and 3.16 mm/yr during 1988–2012, respectively. The aerodynamic term was a dominant factor controlling ETo variation in both two periods. We concluded the key climatic controls on ETo have shifted as a result of global climate change during 1961–2012. The atmospheric demand, instead of air temperature alone, was a major control on ETo. Models for accurately predicting ETo and hydrological change under a changing climate must include VPD in the study region. The shifts of climatic control on the hydrological cycles should be considered in future water resource management in humid regions.

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Analysis and assessment of the risk of snow and freezing disaster in China

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Hydrological Effects of Vegetation Cover Degradation and Environmental Implications in a Semiarid Temperate Steppe, China

Hydrological Effects of Vegetation Cover Degradation and Environmental Implications in a Semiarid Temperate Steppe, China

Detection of the Coupling between Vegetation Leaf Area and Climate in a Multifunctional Watershed, Northwestern China

Climatic Controls on Watershed Reference Evapotranspiration Varied during 1961–2012 in Southern China

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