2019
DOI: 10.1109/jssc.2019.2896404
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Analysis and Design of an Ultra-Low-Power Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter With Ring Oscillator-Based ADPLL and 4$\times$ Frequency Edge Combiner

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Cited by 54 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…To the best of our knowledge, the presented single-MOS DCO-PA architecture is the first fully integrated single-ended solution with competitive carrier PN and power efficiency, especially at low power modes while simultaneously handling the harmonic emissions and easy switching to the RX LNA. Even the most recent contender [7], which uses a ring-oscillator-based edgecombining frequency generation TX, no longer shows the power efficiency advantage at lower (−20 dBm) RF power, especially given that only drain efficiency is reported there with off-chip matching and filtering. In addition, the proposed single-MOS DCO-PA outperforms it at least 18 dB in terms of PN performance.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…To the best of our knowledge, the presented single-MOS DCO-PA architecture is the first fully integrated single-ended solution with competitive carrier PN and power efficiency, especially at low power modes while simultaneously handling the harmonic emissions and easy switching to the RX LNA. Even the most recent contender [7], which uses a ring-oscillator-based edgecombining frequency generation TX, no longer shows the power efficiency advantage at lower (−20 dBm) RF power, especially given that only drain efficiency is reported there with off-chip matching and filtering. In addition, the proposed single-MOS DCO-PA outperforms it at least 18 dB in terms of PN performance.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In battery-operated low-data-rate, short-range sensor applications, such as temperature, humidity and pressure monitoring, as well as health tracking, the major bottleneck lies in the battery life. Bluetooth low energy (BLE) is the key standard, which has gained popularity [1]- [7] not only due to its support for a lower duty-cycle operation but also for various low-power states allowing to reduce current consumption in line with the usage profile and application scenarios. Indeed, the BLE transmitters (TXs) typically support programmable RF output power from −20 to +4 dBm, as shown in Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…If just edge-combining (κ = 3) or third harmonic extraction (κ = 4) is used the frequency of the oscillator needs to be increased by the factor κ to get a radio frequency of f RF = 2.4 GHz. By mainly having switched components also the Switched-mode power amplifiers without third-harmonic extraction have higher efficiencies η between 30-40 % [3,6] compared to using third-harmonic extraction. The efficiency for running the ring oscillator at radio frequency and just using the edge-combiner for frequency multiplication is here considered as 40 %.…”
Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Shaout et al used a low-cost monitoring and control system [31] [32], with Arduino Uno R3 as the development board, and proposed fuzzy control. The system monitored water temperature, pH, air temperature, and brightness, and a MATLAB human-machine interface was used for equipment control and monitoring.…”
Section: Automated Environmental Control For Fish-vegetable Coexistencementioning
confidence: 99%