Analysis and dimensioning of a unidirectional WDMopticallyamplified open ring network using channel tap-and-add devices

Novel wavelength-division-multiplexed ring network architecture using optical path technology for multiple services and simple media access control procedure

“…The ring is mainly discussed from the viewpoints of WDM/OFDM technology [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], while the star/bus from the protocol viewpoint [22-261. The optical ring is considered to be more cost effective and reliable than either optical star or bus.…”