ANALYSIS AND INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL STABILITY ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN <i>ZANTHOXYLUM SCHINIFOLIUM</i>-CONTAINING DENTIFRICES

Kwon, Ha-Jeong; Hwang, Jee-Hyun; Lee, Junghaeng; Chae, Sang-Kyun; Lee, John-Hwan; Kim, Ji‐Hwan; Hwang, Kyung-Sook; Kim, Eun-Cheol; Park, Yong-Duk

doi:10.1080/10826076.2013.807463

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Dried ZSF and ZSP products (300 g) were extracted with 70% ethanol for 3 days to obtain yields of 32.88 g and 76.74 g, respectively ( Table 1 ). The combined yield of ZSP and ZSF has been reported to be 34.1% using a similar method, consistent with our results [ 34 ]. The yield for ZSP was previously reported to be 8% using ultrasonic methanolic extraction [ 24 ]; while the ZS root yielded 1% with methanol and 5% with 95% ethanol [ 22 , 28 ]; ZS stem yielded 2.3–4.4% with methanol [ 21 , 23 , 27 ], and ZS leaves yielded 12–22.7% with 80% methanol [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In a previous study, the TPC of ZS was in the range of 52.57–62.07 mg GAE·g −1 , similar to the value obtained in the present study [ 69 ]. In addition, different phenolic compounds have been identified from ZS [ 34 ]. The present study is the first to analyze phenolics and flavonoids by comparing ZSF and ZSP, providing comprehensive data on the antioxidant activity of ZS extracts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study of Bioactivity and Safety Evaluation of Ethanolic Extracts of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Fruit and Pericarp

et al. 2021

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The fruit and pericarp of Zanthoxylum schinifolium (ZS) have been used in traditional medicine; however, few studies have characterized ZS fruit and pericarp. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the safety of ZS fruit (ZSF) and pericarp (ZSP) extracts and compared their bioactivity. To evaluate the safety of ZSF and ZSP, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, and oxidative stress assays were performed and nontoxic concentration ranges were obtained. ZSP was found to be superior to ZSF in terms of its antimutagenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In the S9 mix, the mutation inhibition rate of ZSP was close to 100% at concentrations exceeding 625 µg·plate-1 for both the TA98 and TA100 strains. ZSP exhibited efficient DPPH (IC50 = 75.6 ± 6.1 µg·mL−1) and ABTS (IC50 = 57.4 ± 6 µg·mL−1) scavenging activities. ZSP inhibited the release of cytokines, involved in IL-1β (IC50 = 134.4 ± 7.8), IL-6 (IC50 = 262.8 ± 11.2), and TNF-α (IC50 = 223.8 ± 5.8). These results indicate that ZSP contains a higher amount of biochemicals than ZSF, or that ZSP contains unique biochemicals. In conclusion, for certain physiological activities, the use of ZSP alone may be more beneficial than the combined use of ZSF and ZSP.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Bioactivity and Safety Evaluation of Ethanolic Extracts of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Fruit and Pericarp

et al. 2021

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“…Future work should focus on how xanthoxylin affects the physiology, morphology, and development of the larvae, as well as whether xanthoxylin has also an effect on apoptosis as it was already found for the ingestion of RD honeydew (Viotti et al 2021). Besides, it would be interesting to know whether xanthoxylin is stable or breaks down over time in the nectars, as it does in aqueous solution (Kwon et al 2014), changing in this way its toxicity overtime.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthoxylin Found In Secretions Of Epormenis Cestri Feeding On Sebastiania Schottiana Trees Causes Mass Death Of Honeybee Apis Mellifera Larvae

Rossini¹,

Almeida²,

Arredondo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The "River Disease” (RD), a disorder impacting honeybee colonies located closed to waterways with abundant riparian vegetation (including Sebastiania schottiana, Euphorbiaceae), kills newly hatched larvae. Forager bees from RD-affected colonies collect honeydew excretions from Epormenis cestri (Hemiptera: Flatidae), a planthopper feeding on trees of S. schottiana. First-instar honeybee larvae fed with this honeydew died. Thus, we postulated that the nectars of RD-affected colonies had a natural toxin coming from either E. cestri or S. schottiana. An untargeted metabolomics characterization of fresh nectars extracts from colonies with and without RD allowed to pinpoint xanthoxylin as one of the chemicals present in higher amounts in nectar from RD-affected colonies than in nectars from healthy colonies. Besides, xanthoxylin was also found in the aerial parts of S. schottiana and in the honeydew excreted by E. cestri feeding on this tree. A larva feeding assay where xanthoxylin-enriched diets were offered to 1st instar larvae showed that larvae died in the same proportion as larvae did when offered enriched diets with nectars from RD-colonies. These findings demonstrate that a xenobiotic can mimic the RD syndrome in honeybee larvae and provide evidence of an interspecific flow of xanthoxylin among three trophic levels. Further, our results give information that can be considered when implementing measures to control this honeybee disease.

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“…The chemical stability of phytophenolics is a priority concern since these highly reactive molecules take part in all types of degradation processes (incl. oxidation/autooxidation, hydrolysis, isomerization) and lose their therapeutical efficacy over time [34,[259][260][261]. Furthermore, for the majority of chemically sensitive phenolics, light irradiation has been identified as a determining factor for decomposition process mechanisms and rates [259,262].…”

Section: Stability Of Phenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since one or more of them are intrinsic for the majority of phenolic compounds, they do not always represent the best candidates for dermal transport [21,22]. Another limitation is often set by insufficient chemical stability of particular representatives [23,24] (e.g., resveratrol [25][26][27], hypericin [28,29], hyperforin [30][31][32], quercetin [33][34][35], cathehin [36][37][38]), for which precise control over the selection of dermal vehicles and technological operations for drug introduction in preformulation stage is required. It is worth mentioning that physicochemical properties, skin permeation, and chemical stability of phenolics are strongly affected by the presence of the glycoside part attached to the aglycone, and its type [39,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermal Drug Delivery of Phytochemicals with Phenolic Structure via Lipid-Based Nanotechnologies

et al. 2021

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Phenolic compounds are a large, heterogeneous group of secondary metabolites found in various plants and herbal substances. From the perspective of dermatology, the most important benefits for human health are their pharmacological effects on oxidation processes, inflammation, vascular pathology, immune response, precancerous and oncological lesions or formations, and microbial growth. Because the nature of phenolic compounds is designed to fit the phytochemical needs of plants and not the biopharmaceutical requirements for a specific route of delivery (dermal or other), their utilization in cutaneous formulations sets challenges to drug development. These are encountered often due to insufficient water solubility, high molecular weight and low permeation and/or high reactivity (inherent for the set of representatives) and subsequent chemical/photochemical instability and ionizability. The inclusion of phenolic phytochemicals in lipid-based nanocarriers (such as nanoemulsions, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles) is so far recognized as a strategic physico-chemical approach to improve their in situ stability and introduction to the skin barriers, with a view to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic potency. This current review is focused on recent advances and achievements in this area.

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ANALYSIS AND INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL STABILITY ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN ZANTHOXYLUM SCHINIFOLIUM-CONTAINING DENTIFRICES

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative Study of Bioactivity and Safety Evaluation of Ethanolic Extracts of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Fruit and Pericarp

Comparative Study of Bioactivity and Safety Evaluation of Ethanolic Extracts of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Fruit and Pericarp

Xanthoxylin Found In Secretions Of Epormenis Cestri Feeding On Sebastiania Schottiana Trees Causes Mass Death Of Honeybee Apis Mellifera Larvae

Dermal Drug Delivery of Phytochemicals with Phenolic Structure via Lipid-Based Nanotechnologies

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