“…Available testing configurations for measuring E * and ν * are categorised either as homogeneous, when they allow to measure axial stress and strain directly, or non-homogeneous when axial stress and strain need to be calculated indirectly, considering the specimen geometry as, for example, in bending or indirect tensile configurations (Di Benedetto, Partl, Francken, & Saint André, 2001). By definition, E * and ν * are the ratio of sinusoidal functions, therefore sinusoidal loading histories are the first choice for experimental measurement (Graziani et al, 2017;Pham et al, 2015). Moreover, according to the LVE theory, E * and ν * are also time and stress/strain independent parameters.…”