Analysis approaches and interventions with occupational performance

Abstract

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze approaches and interventions with occupational performance in patients with stroke. [Subjects and Methods] In this study, articles published in the past 10 years were searched. The key terms used were “occupational performance AND stroke” and “occupational performance AND CVA”. A total 252 articles were identified, and 79 articles were selected. All interventions were classified according to their approaches according to 6 theories. All interventions were analyzed for frequency. [Results] Regarding the approaches, there were 25 articles for studies that provided high frequency interventions aimed at improving biomechanical approaches (31.6%). This included electrical stimulation therapy, robot therapy, and sensory stimulation training, as well as others. Analysis of the frequency of interventions revealed that the most commonly used interventions, which were used in 18 articles (22.8%), made use of the concept of constraint-induced therapy. [Conclusion] The results of this study suggest an approach for use in clinics for selecting an appropriate intervention for occupational performance.

Can Occupational Therapy Address the Occupational Implications of Hoarding?

“…Occupational therapy quite often seeks to challenge the medical model, opposing the use of bottom-up reductionist approaches which focus on remediating functional problems in the individual; however, if the culturally predominate stance of the organisation uses this framework to underpin models of treatment, an occupational therapist may find it difficult to challenge this [ 66 , 67 ]. Within hoarding interventions, this could result in the occupational therapist being involved in the removal of excessive items in someone's home as thus would align with a reductionist approach, viewing decluttering as the way to stop someone hoarding and preventing them from reengaging in this in the future.…”

The Biopsychosocial Model: Application to Occupational Therapy Practice

“…While further exploration of the role of biological factors and related areas of impact could be undertaken, this section has been truncated as biological areas of impact are more commonly addressed (Ahn, 2016;Colaianni & Provident, 2010;O'Neal et al, 2007) in the provision of rehabilitative services and, therefore, may require minimal introduction. Further, while psychological and social-contextual factors exist in the OTPF (AOTA, 2014), exploring areas of impact relating to these factors may warrant greater consideration in relation to the application of this model in the following sections.…”

“…Colaianni and Provident (2010) also reported a higher percentage of bottom-up biomechanical interventions (81-90%) than top-down occupation-based interventions (41-50%). More recently, Ahn (2016) reported the most frequently used intervention approach to be biomechanical, at 31.6% (compared with use of a MOHO-based approach at 5.1%). The findings from Ahn (2016), Colaianni andProvident (2010), andO'Neal et al (2007) represent a tendency toward a reductive, bottom-up approach to intervention addressing the component parts of the underlying systems.…”

“…More recently, Ahn (2016) reported the most frequently used intervention approach to be biomechanical, at 31.6% (compared with use of a MOHO-based approach at 5.1%). The findings from Ahn (2016), Colaianni andProvident (2010), andO'Neal et al (2007) represent a tendency toward a reductive, bottom-up approach to intervention addressing the component parts of the underlying systems. Under this view, the individual is made up of the sum of the parts; by remediating specific faulty component parts, the whole will be restored (Brown & Chien, 2010;Fisher, 1998;Ivey & Mew, 2010).…”