Analysis, control, and wireless charging of energy systems using ultracapacitors

Abstract

The battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and its management have been widely investigated in recent years. Meanwhile, there is a lack of general and quantitative analysis on the energy loss of the battery-ultracapacitor HESS that does not depend on any specific control algorithm or physical limitations. In addition, the battery-ultracapacitor HESS is actually a simple example of a networked energy system. An agent-based control approach is desirable in order to improve the synergy, and thus, the flexibility, scalability, faulttolerance and reliability of the hybrid energy systems, and also the computational efficiency. Finally, considering the requirement of fast and frequent wireless charging, ultracapacitors could be more suitable than batteries due to their excellent reliability and charge/discharge capability. In this paper, these three aspects for the energy systems using ultracapacitors, i.e., analysis, control, and wireless charging, are discussed.

A comprehensive review on hybrid electric vehicles: architectures and components

“…The power optimization in a parallel arrangement of battery and UC was carried out using superimposed DC-bus control system which had DCbus voltage, proportional integral (PI) controllers and a feed-forward load compensator [128,129]. Wireless charging concept was used to charge the UC effectively in [130]. A rule-based control algorithm was proposed to effectively manage the UC's SOC and offload the current peaks from the battery in [131,132].…”