Analysis of 34 to 101GBaud submarine transmissions and performance prediction models

Antona, Jean‐Christophe; Meseguer, Alexis Carbo; Dupont, S.; Garuz, Richard; Lantady, Philippe P.; Calsat, Alain; Letellier, Vincent

doi:10.1364/ofc.2020.t4i.3

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A different approach to droop behavior known as the generalized droop (GD) model was then proposed by several groups in which droop is included for all noise terms as well as the signal and the droop framework is applied on a spanby-span basis [16,17,[19][20][21][22]. Experimental transmission results with excellent agreement with the GD model have been demonstrated several times [16,[23][24][25][26]. When the GD model is applied in the study of power efficiency, optimal SNR values maximizing PE are different from the first droop model of [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power-efficient undersea SDM systems

Downie

2023

Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems XII

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Undersea submarine cable transmission systems are characterized by fixed and limited electrical power supplies. Electrical power is provided by a DC voltage applied across the cable from power feed equipment (PFE) located at the terminal ends and is used to power all optical amplifiers throughout the entire link which may be many thousands of kilometers. Because of the limited nature of electrical power, the concept of power efficiency is very important. In fact, power efficiency drives the recent design trend in undersea systems to spatial division multiplexing (SDM), increasing fiber counts in submarine cables. We examine here efficiency maximization via system modeling primarily with respect to the optimal generalized signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR). We explore dependences on system aspects such as capacity metric, link length, span loss, and fiber attenuation. We compare three different measures of efficiency based on total amplifier optical output power, total pump power, and overall cable capacity predicted by application of a pump sharing model and the resulting electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency levels predicted. Several capacity metrics are also studied and compared ranging from the theoretical Shannon capacity limit to a fitting of a real-time transponder. We evaluate optimal link GSNR values that maximize the various efficiency definitions as a function of link length, as well as optimal span loss values for a fixed link distance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power-efficient undersea SDM systems

Downie

2023

Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems XII

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“…This definition comes from the assumption that P p would be a better representation of the electrical power consumption than P O , since amplifiers output power typically follows an affine law with pump power in similar population inversion conditions, which depends on the transparency pump -power in which the amplifier starts to emit photons. 6 By considering P O in the PE definition, one neglects the contribution of the transparency pump, making the power efficiency prediction less accurate. It has been shown in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers design strategies to optimize capacity in submarine systems

Araujo¹,

Bononi

Antona³

et al. 2023

Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems XII

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We revisit the design strategies of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) submarine links over transoceanic distances. We particularly investigate the optimization of EDFA settings such as fiber length, optical bandwidth and population inversion to maximize the power efficiency and/or achievable information rate (AIR) at fixed span length. When optical bandwidth is fixed, we show the existence of a unique EDFA optimum setting whatever the pump power, provided Kerr-effect is overlooked. When accounting for Kerr-effect, the EDFA parameters can be adjusted to improve AIR as pump power increases. We also show a performance enhancement when working with a variable bandwidth design at very-low and very-high pump powers.

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“…For such long-haul and high-baud-rate systems operating at low channel powers, there are several impactful effects such as the generalized signal droop (GD) [1]- [2], [5]- [10] effect, transponder implementation penalty [11]- [13], and to smaller extents, nonlinear interference (NLI) [14]- [16] noise and Guided Acoustic Waveguide Brillouin Scattering (GAWBS) [9], [17]- [19] noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [7] an important quality of GD formalism was determined, namely that GD effectively removes a first-order perturbation assumption of the GN model, i.e., GD should be better suited for the highly non-linear power operation regime, compared to the standard SNR model. In [9] the impact of generalized droop non-inclusion was experimentally quantified in terms of residual noise power vs. distance for a variety of baud rates and modulation formats before GAWBS noise is included in the model. The conditions evaluated generally represented moderate channel powers and a range of SNRs corresponding to a wide range of transmission distances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation of the Generalized Signal Droop Model With SNR Measurements Including Transponder Implementation Penalty

Ivanov¹,

Downie

Liang

et al. 2021

IEEE Photonics J.

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We experimentally assess the accuracy of a constant output power generalized droop (COP-GD) model combined with transponder implementation penalty to predict transmission performance for single-core long-haul optical transmission systems operating at low channel launch powers and high baud rates. The droop model includes Guided Acoustic Waveguide Brillouin Scattering (GAWBS) and nonlinear interference (NLI) effects along with amplifier noise for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculation in the context of long-haul systems with constant output power amplifiers. We show how the model accuracy is decreased if one of the modeling components is removed, namely, either the droop effect, GAWBS or the transponder implementation penalty. We show that inclusion of implementation penalty and GD is important for accurate performance evaluation, moreover, the transponder implementation penalty has impact both at low and high SNR ends. We compare the model including both effects to experimental transmission data over a wide link SNR range for the first time and demonstrate excellent agreement between modeling predictions and experimental results.

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Analysis of 34 to 101GBaud submarine transmissions and performance prediction models

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Power-efficient undersea SDM systems

Power-efficient undersea SDM systems

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers design strategies to optimize capacity in submarine systems

Experimental Evaluation of the Generalized Signal Droop Model With SNR Measurements Including Transponder Implementation Penalty

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