Analysis of a Benthic Community Food Web Using Isotopically Labelled Potential Food

Beviss-Challinor, MH; Field, J. G.

doi:10.3354/meps009223

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to the mixing models, kelp may represent the dominant part in the diet of deposit-feeder species during the sampling dates and senescent red algae contributed significantly in November. The suspended POM ranked second as the primary source in the deposit-feeder diets, indicating an important reliance on phytoplankton, which can result from flexible suspension-feeding activity and deposit-feeding on settled particles (Beviss-Challinor & Field 1982, Dixon & Moore 1997). Among deposit-feeders, species-specific variation in δ 15 N appeared during winter (Fig.…”

Section: Trophic Structure and Functioning Of The Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terebellid diets include diatoms, small invertebrates and DOM (Fauchald & Jumars 1979), and their selectivity within the OM pool can vary seasonally (Grémare 1988). Among deposit-feeder species, omnivory (including coprophagous behaviour) can be substan-tial (Beviss-Challinor & Field 1982, Dixon & Moore 1997, and challenges inferences made using mixing models which cannot reflect the actual diversity of potential sources.…”

Section: Trophic Structure and Functioning Of The Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the deposited POM pool, HOM was the component the most enriched in both 13 C and 15 N, indicating to what extent holdfasts trap sediment organic matter and act as shelters for bacterial communities (Moore 1972, Schaal et al 2012). In addition, owing to the complex communities associated with holdfasts, HOM is likely composed of primary sources, decaying fauna and faecal pellets (Moore 1972, Beviss-Challinor & Field 1982, Dixon & Moore 1997, that all have different 13 C and 15 N enrichment. In contrast, SOM was the most 13 Cand 15 N-depleted component of the deposited POM pool.…”

Section: Organic Matter Sources Of the Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variation in organic matter supply in kelp forests: linking structure to trophic functioning

Leclerc¹,

Riera²,

Leroux³

et al. 2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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International audienceOwing to their productivity, kelps may be the main primary carbon source for consumers in coastal areas. Their contribution has often been compared to that of phytoplankton, but the potential involvement of the red algae associated with kelp forests has been overlooked. All these 3 primary sources have distinct life cycles and may contribute to the particulate organic matter pool differently according to season. In the present study, we characterised the trophic structure of a pristine Laminaria hyperborea forest off the coast of Brittany (France) in terms of the organic carbon biomass of the main primary producers and consumer trophic groups on 4 sampling dates over a 1 yr period. Senescence of many red algae species occurred during their resting period (i.e. before November), whereas the kelp regrowth period (i.e. before March) was accompanied by the fragmentation of old lamina. During these periods, when phytoplankton biomass is comparable, stable isotope analyses (delta C-13 and delta N-15) were conducted in an attempt to link structure to trophic functioning. By combining analyses of temporal variability in primary source and consumer isotopic ratios and using mixing models, we inferred changes in the trophic significance of macroalgae in the associated food web. Decaying kelp laminae were a major contributor to the particulate organic matter pool, and the fragmentation of old lamina promoted their contribution to the diet of deposit-and suspension-feeders in March. Growth of red algae enhanced direct grazer consumption in March, while their senescence contributed significantly to primary consumer diets in November via indirect consumption

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Section: Trophic Structure and Functioning Of The Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trophic Structure and Functioning Of The Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic Matter Sources Of the Kelp Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variation in organic matter supply in kelp forests: linking structure to trophic functioning

Leclerc¹,

Riera²,

Leroux³

et al. 2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Ophiothrix fragilis and Maera inaequipes for ubiquitous example) are able to select kelp-derived particles (including propagules) among the organic matter pool (e.g. Beviss-Challinor and Field, 1982), and one can wonder whether this function affect kelp recruitments and survival (Dayton, 1985). While experimental manipulations involving direct grazer provide substantial insights on cascading effects, manipulating particle-consumers faces to the difficulty of quantifying particulate basal resource in marine reproduction (O'Gorman and Emmerson, 2010) and limit understanding of their interactions with other species.…”

Section: Ecological and Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community, trophic structure and functioning in two contrasting Laminaria hyperborea forests

Leclerc

Riera

Laurans

et al. 2015

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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Abstract:Worldwide kelp forests have been the fields of several studies concerning ecosystems dysfunction in the past decades. Multifactorial kelp threats have been described and include deforestation due to human impact, cascading effect and climate change. Here, we compared community and trophic structure in two contrasting kelp forests off the coasts of Brittany. One has been harvested five years before sampling and shelters abundant omnivorous predators, nearly absent from the other, which has been treated as preserved from kelp harvest. δ 15 N analyses conducted on the overall communities were linked to the tropho-functional structure of different strata featuring these forests (stipe and holdfast of canopy kelp and rock). Our results yielded site-to-site differences of community and tropho-functional structures across kelp strata, particularly contrasting in terms of biomass on the understorey. Likewise, isotope analyses inferred the top trophic position of Marthasterias glacialis and Echinus esculentus which may be considered as strong interactors in the sub-canopy. Our intention is to discuss these patterns and propose a series of probable and testable alternative hypotheses to explain them. For instance, we propose that differences of trophic structure and functioning result from confounded effects of contrasting wave dissipation depending on kelp size-density structure and community cascading involving these omnivorous predators. Given the species diversity and complexity of food web highlighted in these habitats, we call for further comprehensive research about the overall strata and tropho-functional groups for conservation management in kelp forests.

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“…Beviss-Challinor and Field 1982;Kemp et al 1990), and enriched primary consumers can be used subsequently to label carnivores (Steffan et al 2001). The greatest challenge to using this approach to measure isotopic turnover rates is achieving uniform enrichment of experimental animals.…”

Section: N Enrichment-dilution Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid turnover of tissue nitrogen of primary consumers in tropical freshwaters

2006

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Stable isotopes are widely used as time-integrating tracers of trophic interactions, but turnover rates of isotopes in animal tissues remain poorly understood. Here, we report nitrogen (N) isotope turnover rates in tissues of four primary consumer species: Ancistrus triradiatus armored catfish (muscle, fins, and whole blood), Tarebia granifera snails (muscle), and Rana palmipes tadpoles (muscle) from a Venezuelan river, and Lavigeria grandis snails (muscle) from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. Turnover was estimated from the dilution of a 15N label introduced into consumer tissues by feeding on 15N-enriched periphyton. Muscle turnover rates were rapid (0.5-3.8% per day), and were attributable to metabolic replacement of N as well as growth in catfish and snails. N turnover in catfish muscle decreased with size, and fin tissue turned over more rapidly than whole blood or muscle, though the difference was not significant. Our results indicate that stable isotope signatures of these tropical species could change markedly within weeks following a shift in diet. However, generalization across taxa or latitudes is complicated by the strong size-dependence of isotope turnover rates. The enrichment-dilution approach outlined here may facilitate measurement of isotopic turnover in a wide variety of consumers under field conditions.

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Analysis of a Benthic Community Food Web Using Isotopically Labelled Potential Food

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Temporal variation in organic matter supply in kelp forests: linking structure to trophic functioning

Temporal variation in organic matter supply in kelp forests: linking structure to trophic functioning

Community, trophic structure and functioning in two contrasting Laminaria hyperborea forests

Rapid turnover of tissue nitrogen of primary consumers in tropical freshwaters

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