Analysis of a functionally graded particulate composite under flexural loading conditions

Gupta, Nïkhil; Gupta, Sandeep; Mueller, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2007.08.020

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…On the other hand, as the volume fraction is constant in the columns, the moduli increase and the Poisson ratio decreases, but the expected flexural elastic limit and the minimum limit increase with the wall thickness rising. The changing trends of the numerical results agree with that of the experimental data [47].…”

Section: Numerical Experiments and Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

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The statistical second‐order two‐scale method for mechanical properties of statistically inhomogeneous materials

Han

Cui

2010

Numerical Meth Engineering

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SUMMARYA class of random composite materials with statistically inhomogeneous microstructure, for example, functionally graded materials is considered in this paper. The microstructures inside a component are gradually varying in the statistical sense. In view of this particularity, a novel statistical second-order two-scale (SSOTS) method is presented to predict the mechanical properties, including stiffness, and elastic limit. To develop this method, the microstructures of statistically homogeneous, and inhomogeneous materials are represented. In addition the SSOTS formulas are derived based on normalized cell depending on the position variables by a constructing way, and the algorithm procedure is described. The mechanical properties of the different inhomogeneous materials are evaluated. The numerical results are compared with the experimental findings. It shows that the SSTOS method is effective.

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Section: Numerical Experiments and Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Example 3: The flexural properties of functionally graded beams are calculated in this example [47]. These FGM beams made of hollow glass microballoon-filled epoxy resins, and the wall thickness of the microballoon has a gradient change, as shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: Numerical Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The statistical second‐order two‐scale method for mechanical properties of statistically inhomogeneous materials

Han

Cui

2010

Numerical Meth Engineering

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“…Gupta et al [6] utilised graded density cores in blast with high peak pressures, which caused core crushing in the lower density foam layers, thus attenuating blast energy. In air blast, the peak pressure is significantly lower, so core crushing is not a failure mechanism in the foam.…”

Section: Graded Density Core Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that the lower density foam layers attenuated the blast wave, as the peak pressures were high enough to crush the core. Flexural testing of graded density cores was performed by Gupta et al [6] in which syntactic foam beams were produced with microspheres of varying wall thickness through the beam thickness, and tested under flexural loading, in order to further understand the effect of grading the density of the foam through the beam thickness. The response of PVC foam core sandwich panels to blast loading have been researched analytically by Hoo Fatt and Palla [7], where the response was broken down into through thickness wave prorogation leading to core crushing, and then global bending of the sandwich panel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandwich Panel Cores for Blast Applications: Materials and Graded Density

et al. 2015

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Sandwich composites are of interest in marine applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and tailorable mechanical properties, but their resistance to air blast loading is not well understood. Full-scale 100 kg TNT equivalent air blast testing at a 15 m stand-off distance was performed on glass-fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) sandwich panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polymethacrylimid (PMI); and styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) foam cores, all possessing the same thickness and density. Further testing was performed to assess the blast resistance of a sandwich panel containing a stepwise graded density SAN foam core, increasing in density away from the blast facing side. Finally a sandwich panel containing compliant polypropylene (PP) fibres within the GFRP front face-sheet, was subjected to blast loading with the intention of preventing front face-sheet cracking during blast. Measurements of the sandwich panel responses were made using high-speed digital image correlation (DIC), and post-blast damage was assessed by sectioning the sandwich panels and mapping the The Royal British Legion Centre for Blast Injury Studies and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK damage observed. It was concluded that all cores are effective in improving blast tolerance and that the SAN core was the most blast tolerant out of the three foam polymer types, with the DIC results showing a lower deflection measured during blast, and post-blast visual inspections showing less damage suffered. By grading the density of the core it was found that through thickness crack propagation was mitigated, as well as damage in the higher density foam layers, thus resulting in a smoother back face-sheet deflection profile. By incorporating compliant PP fibres into the front face-sheet, cracking was prevented in the GFRP, despite damage being present in the core and the interfaces between the core and face-sheets.

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“…Specific bending strength is estimated by simulating the sample and loading (Gupta et al 2008) in FEA. Figure 12 represents the plot for bending stress in the sample for one typical loading case.…”

Section: Finite Element Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%