Analysis of a Supercapacitor/Battery Hybrid Power System for a Bulk Carrier

Kim, Kyung-Hwa; An, Juwan; Park, Kido; Roh, Gilltae; Chun, Kangwoo

doi:10.3390/app9081547

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Assuming that this project starts in 2020, a battery capital cost of 250 $/kWh is considered, with a discount rate of 2.4%. The capital cost of supercapacitors is typically 10,000 $/kWh [69], as adopted for example in the case study of [70]. The O&M costs of supercapacitors are generally lower than that of batteries, selecting here 0.1% and 0.45% of the investment, respectively, based on [21].…”

Section: Economic Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridizing Lead–Acid Batteries with Supercapacitors: A Methodology

et al. 2021

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Hybridizing a lead–acid battery energy storage system (ESS) with supercapacitors is a promising solution to cope with the increased battery degradation in standalone microgrids that suffer from irregular electricity profiles. There are many studies in the literature on such hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), usually examining the various hybridization aspects separately. This paper provides a holistic look at the design of an HESS. A new control scheme is proposed that applies power filtering to smooth out the battery profile, while strictly adhering to the supercapacitors’ voltage limits. A new lead–acid battery model is introduced, which accounts for the combined effects of a microcycle’s depth of discharge (DoD) and battery temperature, usually considered separately in the literature. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis on the thermal parameters and an economic analysis were performed using a 90-day electricity profile from an actual DC microgrid in India to infer the hybridization benefit. The results show that the hybridization is beneficial mainly at poor thermal conditions and highlight the need for a battery degradation model that considers both the DoD effect with microcycle resolution and temperate impact to accurately assess the gain from such a hybridization.

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Section: Economic Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridizing Lead–Acid Batteries with Supercapacitors: A Methodology

et al. 2021

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“…Many different topologies regarding hybrid combinations of the Li-ion battery and SC for EVs have been reported [17] - [19]. However, each of these topologies has their own advantages and limitations.…”

Section: A Power Management Strategy Of Eessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability of Supercapacitor for Hybrid Energy Storage System in Lightweight Electric Vehicles: Simulation and Experiments

Mali

Tripathi

2022

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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Recent research findings indicate that the nonmonotonic consumption of energy from lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries results in a higher heat generation in electrical energy storage systems. During peak demands, a higher heat generation due to high discharging current increases the temperature from 80 °C to 120 °C, thereby resulting in thermal runaway. To address peak demands, an additional electrical energy storage component, namely supercapacitor (SC), is being investigated by various research groups. This paper provides insights into the capability of SCs in lightweight electric vehicles (EVs) to address peak demands using the worldwide harmonized light-duty driving test cycle (WLTC) driving profile in MATLAB/Simulink at different ambient temperatures. Simulation results indicate that temperature imposes a more prominent effect on Li-ion batteries compared with SCs under peak demand conditions. The effect of the discharging rate limit on the Li-ion battery current is studied. The result shows that SCs can accommodate the peak demands for a low discharging current limit on the battery, thereby reducing heat generation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry are performed on SCs to analyze their thermal performance at different temperatures ranging from 0 °C to 75 °C under different bias values of -0.6, 0, 0.6, and 1 V，respectively. The results indicate a higher specific capacitance of the SC at an optimum operation temperature of 25 °C for the studied bias. This study shows that the hybrid combination of the Li-ion battery and SC for a lightweight EV can address peak demands by reducing thermal stress on the Li-ion battery and increasing the driving range.

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“…However, they have more auxiliary loads than container ships, since they often use deck cranes to load or unload cargo. For this reason, the authors of [17,58] investigated the use of hybrid propulsion and a hybrid power supply on these ships, and concluded that it could be beneficial. The power plant control system would use an Equivalent Energy Minimiztion Strategy (ECMS), to provide the optimal power split between the generator sets and the ESS, but also to switch the electric machine between PTO and PTI mode.…”

Section: Container Shipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mission-oriented Modular Control of Retrofittable Marine Power Plants

Benten¹,

Kougiatsos²,

Reppa³

2022

Preprint

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Dear reader,This thesis is the last step towards completing my Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Technology in Delft. It has been quite the journey, which started with the track Multi-Machine Engineering. During the second year of my masters, I did a literature study under the supervision of Vasso Reppa and Nikos Kougiatsos, where I reviewed the state-of-the-art of the propulsion control in marine vessels. I found that, although there is a great variety in propulsion control systems, no literature considered modular use of the equipment in the power plant. To this end, in collaboration with Vasso, Nikos, and Royal IHC, the main idea for this thesis was proposed.Soon after the initial proposal the main course of the thesis was set, and after the approval of Rudy Negenborn, the journey began. In this work, you may find information about different missions of ships, how these missions dictate the required power, and also how this affects the power plants and the control systems found in various marine vessels. It is shown how this leads to a mission-oriented design of the control system, where equipment can be added, replaced, or removed. Although I did not specialize in control engineering, my skills with MATLAB, developed during the master, greatly helped to resolve most problems, and I am proud to present you my work.I want to start by thanking Vasso and Nikos for their daily supervision and assistance. Nikos is a PhD researcher, and his field of work is very closely related to the topic of this thesis, so he was always able to provide insightful comments and detailed explanations when I found some obstacles. Vasso's input was aimed more towards the presentation and design of the control systems, and was also very helpful with maintaining the right course, and keeping track of the main goal of the thesis. Also, I want to thank Rudy, who was able to provide good feedback during meetings, as he knows a great deal about this topic, and a lot of his work is used in this thesis.Finally, I want to thank my parents, friends and my girlfriend for their support, motivation, and guidance, not only during this thesis, but also during my entire studies at the TU Delft. This journey would not have been the same without you. I wish you a pleasant reading,

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Analysis of a Supercapacitor/Battery Hybrid Power System for a Bulk Carrier

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Hybridizing Lead–Acid Batteries with Supercapacitors: A Methodology

Hybridizing Lead–Acid Batteries with Supercapacitors: A Methodology

Thermal Stability of Supercapacitor for Hybrid Energy Storage System in Lightweight Electric Vehicles: Simulation and Experiments

Mission-oriented Modular Control of Retrofittable Marine Power Plants

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