Analysis of Accuracy and Reliability of Different Types of GPS Receivers

Rychlicki, Mariusz; Kasprzyk, Zbigniew; Rosiński, Adam

doi:10.3390/s20226498

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A similar operational analysis, but based on the example of GPS receivers, has been conducted and described in [24]. The obtained result, i.e., a ~99.88% probability for a system to stay in the state of full fitness throughout a year, means that the centralized video surveillance system exhibits availability similar to that of other complementary railway systems [25][26][27], e.g., the GSM-R network (99.95), with 10.5 h downtime per year. Due to the scale and complexity of the system, this is a good result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Analysis and Assessment of Railway CCTV System Operating Reliability

et al. 2022

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The article reviews the history and the direction of development for railway CCTV (Closed-Circuit TeleVision) systems. The authors described the CCTV system at PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. and the associated network and server infrastructure. The authors proposed an operational model for a centralized CCTV system that assumes states of partial fitness, in accordance with the regulations of the national railway infrastructure administrator. The aim of the paper is to review, analyse, and evaluate the operational reliability of railroad video monitoring systems in relation to the assumptions of the national railroad infrastructure manager using an operational model. A unified system structure is presented in the article. The model was used as a base to calculate the probabilities for the system while staying in the assumed states. Calculations showed that a centralized CCTV system is characterized by high reliability and satisfies the expectations of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. in this respect. The obtained result of 99.88% probability of leaving the analysed video surveillance system in a fully operational condition within a year indicates a high level of security of the applied solutions in such a large system. The analysed system is one of the largest such solutions designed in the European Union and the largest in Poland, which is an important contribution to the development and implementation of such extensive video surveillance systems in the future. The research question is whether the extensive centralized railway CCTV systems will meet the requirements of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Analysis and Assessment of Railway CCTV System Operating Reliability

et al. 2022

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“…A similar approach was presented by the main co-author in [7,[26][27][28][29]. Applying the presented approach to the assessment and analysis of other systems by assessing reliability or risk, as presented in the works [30][31][32], is also expected. To use the modeling presented here in various other types of technical system assessments, such as diagnostics [33], risk assessment related to road and rail signaling [27,34], and development-related applications [35], seems possible too.…”

Section: Iq Measurementioning

confidence: 84%

Determining Information Quality in ICT Systems

et al. 2021

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The article deals with the estimation of information quality (IQ) in information and communication technologies (ICT) systems. A number of recent publications were analyzed, as well as ISO standards concerning quality and information quality. Due to the limitations of the known methods of estimating IQ, the authors present their own proprietary concept based on multidimensional and multi-layer modeling using methods of estimating uncertainty. The modeling proposed in this publication uses sixteen dimensions of quality known from the literature. The features of dimensions are taken into account as another layer and information states as successive steps in the IQ model. An example of calculations is also presented in which the mathematical evidence method used in estimating the uncertainty is extended to the modeling of dependent elements. The article also presents a simulation based on the presented example. This simulation shows the assumed dependencies between the output and input values.

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“…4) Comparison with other Localization Technologies: The power consumption of GNSS modules ranges from 12-72 mW for super-low-power modules [54] to 160 mW in a typical smartphone [55]. The accuracy of GPS receivers is about 2.5 m for high-end receivers [56], 2-5 m in smartphones [57], and at least centimeter-level for real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS [58]. Therefore, UWB devices can provide significantly higher localization accuracy indoors than GNSS receivers without enhancements; in terms of power consumption, LRP devices are comparable to super-low-power GNSS receivers, while the average power consumption of HRP devices exceeds the one of GNSS receivers in smartphones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Accuracy Ranging and Localization With Ultrawideband Communications for Energy-Constrained Devices

Flueratoru

Wehrli²,

Magno³

et al. 2022

IEEE Internet Things J.

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Ultra-wideband (UWB) communications have gained popularity in recent years for being able to provide distance measurements and localization with high accuracy, which can enhance the capabilities of devices in the Internet of Things (IoT). Since energy efficiency is of utmost concern in such applications, in this work we evaluate the power and energy consumption, distance measurements, and localization performance of two types of UWB physical interfaces (PHYs), which use either a low-or high-rate pulse repetition (LRP and HRP, respectively). The evaluation is done through measurements acquired in identical conditions, which is crucial in order to have a fair comparison between the devices. We performed measurements in typical line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. Our results suggest that the LRP interface allows a lower power and energy consumption than the HRP one. Both types of devices achieved ranging and localization errors within the same order of magnitude and their performance depended on the type of NLOS obstruction. We propose theoretical models for the distance errors obtained with LRP devices in these situations, which can be used to simulate realistic building deployments and we illustrate such an example. This paper, therefore, provides a comprehensive overview of the energy demands, ranging characteristics, and localization performance of state-of-the-art UWB devices.

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Analysis of Accuracy and Reliability of Different Types of GPS Receivers

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis and Assessment of Railway CCTV System Operating Reliability

Analysis and Assessment of Railway CCTV System Operating Reliability

Determining Information Quality in ICT Systems

High-Accuracy Ranging and Localization With Ultrawideband Communications for Energy-Constrained Devices

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