Analysis of Alkaloids in Areca Nut-Containing Products by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Jain, Vipin; Garg, Akhil Ranjan; Parascandola, Mark; Chaturvedi, Pankaj; Khariwala, Samir S.; Stepanov, Irina

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05140

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Betel quid is one of the fastest-growing multi-million-dollar industries in Southeast Asian markets due to readily available non-perishable products, i.e., pan masala and gutka, and effective targeting of younger, poorly educated, and economically disadvantaged males and females [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Within a few decades of the initial marketing in the 1960s, annual growth of the gutka and pan masala industries increased by 25% to 30% [ 13 , 38 ].…”

Section: Betel Quid Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betel Quid Health Risks of Insulin Resistance Diseases in Poor Young South Asian Native and Immigrant Populations

Moriel

Lin

Tanoukhy

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Betel quid, traditionally prepared with areca nut, betel leaf, and slaked lime, has been consumed for thousands of years, mainly in the form of chewing. Originally used for cultural, medicinal, and ceremonial purposes mainly in South Asian countries, its use has recently spread across the globe due to its psychoactive, euphoric, and aphrodisiac properties. Now it is widely used as a social lubricant and source of financial profit. Unfortunately, the profit motive has led to high rates of habitual consumption with eventual conversion to addiction among young girls and boys. Moreover, the worrisome practice of including tobacco in quid preparations has grown, particularly among pregnant women. Major health concerns include increased rates of malignancy, oral pathology, and cardiovascular, hepatic, fertility, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Metabolic disorders and insulin resistance disease states such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Mechanistically, the constituents of areca nut/betel quid are metabolized to N-nitroso compounds, i.e., nitrosamines, which are carcinogenic at high doses and cause insulin resistance following chronic low-level exposures. From an epidemiological perspective, the rising tide of insulin resistance diseases including obesity, diabetes, and dementias that now disproportionately burden poor countries has been propagated by rapid commercialization and enhanced access to betel quid. Public health measures are needed to impose socially and ethically responsible barriers to yet another cause of global health disparity.

show abstract

Section: Betel Quid Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betel Quid Health Risks of Insulin Resistance Diseases in Poor Young South Asian Native and Immigrant Populations

Moriel

Lin

Tanoukhy

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Arecoline is used in medical treatment for glaucoma. Habitual chewers of betel leaf and areca nut have a greatly increased risk of developing a range of serious diseases, including cancers of the mouth and esophagus (Jain et al 2017). Chewing areca nut alone has been linked to oral submucous fibrosis.…”

Section: Areca Nutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaloids in Diet

Cheng

Lin

2019

Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Food is one of the three basic requirements of mankind, supplying six kinds of nutrients including water, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, vitamins, and minerals. Alkaloid-containing foods are an intrinsic part of the human diet, such as tea, coffee, and tomato. These food-oriented alkaloid constituents possess diverse effects on the human body, either wanted or unwanted. A large variety of food-produced alkaloids exhibit potent bioactivities, such as caffeine, atropine, and cocaine, whereas, lots of other alkaloids are toxic to human, such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids. This chapter focuses on the alkaloids in human diet and their mode of action and possible toxic effects. To organize this chapter, the alkaloids were categorized into nine groups based on their structures: pyrrolizidine alkaloids, tropane alkaloids, quinolizidine alkaloids, isoquinoline alkaloids, quinoline alkaloids, glycoalkaloids, purine alkaloids, pyridine alkaloids, and amide alkaloids. The structures of food-derived alkaloids are described, and their pharmacological activities, bioavailability, metabolism, and toxicological effects are discussed. Moreover, the application of alkaloids in medicines and food supplement, patents, as well as a conclusion about their current impact on food safety are reviewed. The main purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date state of knowledge from phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies performed on alkaloids in human food.

show abstract

“…Areca ( Areca catechu L.) is one of traditional Chinese medicines. Areca fruit (betel nut) is used to treat parasitic diseases and eliminate their accumulation in China [ 11 ]. The Hainan and Yunnan provinces are the main growth areas for areca in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Characterization and Antihypertensive Effect In Vivo of a Novel ACE-Inhibitory Heptapeptide from Defatted Areca Nut Kernel Globulin Hydrolysates

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The areca (Areca catechu L.) nut kernel (ANK) is a good potential protein source for its high protein content of 9.89–14.62 g/100 g and a high yield of around 300,000 tons per year in China. However, utilization of the areca nut kernel is limited. To expand the usage of ANK in pharmaceutical or foods industries, areca nut kernel globulin was extracted and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition peptides were prepared and identified using gel chromatography, reversed phase HPLC separation, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and in silico screening. Finally, a novel ACE-inhibitory heptapeptide (Ala–Pro–Lys–Ile–Glu–Glu–Val) was identified and chemically synthesized. The combination pattern between APKIEEV and ACE, and the inhibition kinetics, antihypertensive effect and endothlein-1 inhibition activity of APKIEEV were studied. The results of the molecular docking demonstrated that APKIEEV could bind to four active sites (not the key active sites) of ACE via short hydrogen bonds and demonstrated high ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50: 550.41 μmol/L). Moreover, APKIEEV exhibited a significantly lowering effect on both the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, and had considerable suppression ability on intracellular endothelin-1. These results highlight the potential usage of APKIEEV as ingredients of antihypertensive drugs or functional foods.

show abstract

Analysis of Alkaloids in Areca Nut-Containing Products by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 68 publications

References 26 publications

Betel Quid Health Risks of Insulin Resistance Diseases in Poor Young South Asian Native and Immigrant Populations

Betel Quid Health Risks of Insulin Resistance Diseases in Poor Young South Asian Native and Immigrant Populations

Alkaloids in Diet

Identification, Characterization and Antihypertensive Effect In Vivo of a Novel ACE-Inhibitory Heptapeptide from Defatted Areca Nut Kernel Globulin Hydrolysates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About