Analysis of antibiotic resistance from a rural community and wastewater contaminated environment linked to human and animal activities

Brooks, Kesego; Eze, Juliet; Onalenna, Onthatile; Rahube, Teddie O.

doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2023.100232

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Sixty percent of the C. sakazakii strains in our study carried the IncFIB(pCTU3) plasmid, which has been previously reported in environmental sources and food [52,53], as shown in Table 3. The majority of strains carrying the plasmid were C. sakazakii ST4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Screening of Antibiotic and Virulence Genes from Whole Genome Sequenced Cronobacter sakazakii Isolated from Food and Milk-Producing Environments

Holý

Parra‐Flores

Bzdil³

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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The objective of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to screen for genes encoding for antibiotic resistance, fitness and virulence in Cronobacter sakazakii strains that had been isolated from food and powdered-milk-producing environments. Virulence (VGs) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) were detected with the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) platform, ResFinder and PlasmidFinder tools. Susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion. Fifteen presumptive strains of Cronobacter spp. were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and ribosomal-MLST. Nine C. sakazakii strains were found in the meningitic pathovar ST4: two were ST83 and one was ST1. The C. sakazakii ST4 strains were further distinguished using core genome MLST based on 3678 loci. Almost all (93%) strains were resistant to cephalotin and 33% were resistant to ampicillin. In addition, 20 ARGs, mainly involved in regulatory and efflux antibiotics, were detected. Ninety-nine VGs were detected that encoded for OmpA, siderophores and genes involved in metabolism and stress. The IncFIB (pCTU3) plasmid was detected, and the prevalent mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were ISEsa1, ISEc52 and ISEhe3. The C. sakazakii isolates analyzed in this study harbored ARGs and VGs, which could have contributed to their persistence in powdered-milk-producing environments, and increase the risk of infection in susceptible population groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Screening of Antibiotic and Virulence Genes from Whole Genome Sequenced Cronobacter sakazakii Isolated from Food and Milk-Producing Environments

Holý

Parra‐Flores

Bzdil³

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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“…The P. mirabilis -MN029 strain was isolated on MacConkey agar along with other strain collections originating from wastewater-contaminated soil samples. The agar dilution method was used to test for resistance to different antibiotics with the following referenced breakpoint concentrations: ampicillin (32 µg/mL), gentamicin (16 µg/mL), tetracycline (16 µg/mL), amikacin (64 µg/mL), rifampicin (30.7 µg/mL), erythromycin (8 µg/mL), penicillin (16 µg/mL) and amoxicillin (32 µg/mL), as previously described by Brooks et al [ 2 ]. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, as per the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), was used to further confirm the resistance pattern of the isolates [ 5 ].…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology offers greater opportunities towards expanding our knowledge of the genome structure and functional dynamics of MDR bacteria and could lead to novel scientific discoveries. We have recently evaluated and adopted the use of NGS approaches, and successfully applied different NGS techniques (Illumina short-read and Nanopore long-read sequencing) in Botswana in continued efforts to demonstrate their practicality and sustainability in low resourced settings [ [2] , [3] ]. Parallel to our antimicrobial drug discovery research focus, we considered the PacBio Ⓡ HiFi long-read sequencing method to obtain a whole genome sequence (WGS) data and to accurately identify and characterize the MDR strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequence data of the multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis-MN029, a model bacterial strain for the evaluation of antibacterial activity from selected native plant extracts

Makale,

Nketsang,

Rantong

et al. 2024

Data in Brief

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“…Animals may also be attracted to faeces, which can lead to the contamination of food sources through direct contact or the spread of faeces-borne diseases (Guthami et al, 2017). Open defecation contributes to the contamination of soil and water, and the transmission of diseases (Brooks et al, 2023;Joab et al, 2017;Miranda et al, 2018). A global assessment of faecal exposure found that contamination of water sources by pathogens through faeces is highest in Africa and adds more pressure on the efforts to close the gap on health disparity (Bain et al, 2014).…”

Section: Why Toilet and Burden Of Open Defecationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priority regions for eliminating open defecation in Africa: implications for antimicrobial resistance

Fagunwa,

Mthiyane,

Fagunwa

et al. 2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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Sanitation, which offers safe and effective methods for waste disposal, is important for development. However, in Africa and other developing regions, the prevalent practice of open defecation (OD) impedes attaining the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This research delves into the analysis of OD in Africa and proposes a three-tier priority system, comprising critical, high, and medium areas, through which developmental endeavours can be targeted. To achieve this, the study utilizes data from demographic and health surveys (DHS) and the World Bank. The rates of OD at country and sub-country/region levels were calculated to define the priority system, and regression analyses were used to determine predictors of OD practice. The findings are that Nigeria, Ethiopia, Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burkina Faso, and Chad have a high number of people struggling with open defecation. In addition, disparities in access to proper sanitation facilities were identified among impoverished individuals and those residing in rural areas. After adjusting for education and residence, the poorest are 43 times (95% confidence interval 42.443–45.290) more likely to practice open defecation in comparison with the wealthiest. Consequently, wealth index is a pivotal factor in eradicating open toileting. To address this pressing issue in Africa, it is imperative to prioritize evidence-based targeted interventions that concentrate on regions and communities urgently needing improved sanitation infrastructure and programmes. Special attention should be paid to West Africa since many of its communities are in the critical category. Poverty and inequality must be addressed and investments in sanitation infrastructure, behavioural change promotion, and support multistakeholder collaborations should be encouraged. To evaluate OD interventions and monitor health impact, variables such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) should be included in important health surveys (e.g. DHS). This study is the largest meta-data analyses of OD in Africa detailing drivers and communities that should be prioritised on sanitation interventions.

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Analysis of antibiotic resistance from a rural community and wastewater contaminated environment linked to human and animal activities

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Screening of Antibiotic and Virulence Genes from Whole Genome Sequenced Cronobacter sakazakii Isolated from Food and Milk-Producing Environments

Screening of Antibiotic and Virulence Genes from Whole Genome Sequenced Cronobacter sakazakii Isolated from Food and Milk-Producing Environments

Whole genome sequence data of the multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis-MN029, a model bacterial strain for the evaluation of antibacterial activity from selected native plant extracts

Priority regions for eliminating open defecation in Africa: implications for antimicrobial resistance

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