Analysis of Arsenic concentration and its speciation in rice of different markets of Pakistan and its associated health risk

Sarwar, Tasneem; Khan, Sardar; Yu, Xinwei; Amin, Shehla; Khan, Muhammad Amjad; Sarwar, Adnan; Muhammad, Jan; Nazneen, Shahla

doi:10.1016/j.eti.2020.101252

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Thus, there was brand dependence on exposure to Cd, Cu, Pb, and U. Our results match observations noted in previous studies conducted in other regions of Pakistan: Bibi et al [18] conducted research in Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Vehari, Mailsi, and Burewala within the Punjab region of Pakistan, Sarwar et al [3] conducted studies across Lahore, Faislabad, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Rawalpindi, Multan, Okara, Swat, Batkhela, Peshawar, Mardan, Shergarh, Karachi and Quetta, and Nawab et al [19] conducted research in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Market rice grain concentrations in our study exceeded the WHO's concentration limitations for As (0.2 mg/kg), Cu (10 mg/kg), and Pb (0.20 mg/kg) [20].…”

Section: Market Rice Grain Trace Elements and Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…which is beneficial for both the provision of food within the country and the country's economy [2]. However, concerns continue to mount about the safety of consuming domestic rice in light of toxic levels of trace elements present [3]. In the context of Pakistan, the possible effects of rice crops as the second most consumed grain in the country are pressing [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace Element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, U) Concentrations and Health Hazards from Drinking Water and Market Rice across Lahore City, Pakistan

Imran,

Richardson

2023

Sustainability

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Exposure to toxic concentrations of trace elements in rice and drinking water is a serious issue for millions of South Asians, due to rice serving as a large portion of their diets and the geochemical enrichment of trace elements in groundwaters. The overall goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the hazards posed from toxic trace elements through the consumption of commercially available basmati rice and public drinking water sources across Lahore, Pakistan. Drinking water samples (n = 36) were collected from publicly accessible drinking taps from eight administrative towns and the cantonment. Rice samples were obtained from 11 markets (n = 33) across Lahore between December and February 2022–2023. Market rice concentrations exceeded the World Health Organization’s (WHO) limits and the Total Hazard Quotient (THQ) values exceeded 1.0 for As, Cu, and Pb, thus indicating multielement contamination. Market rice trace element concentrations and price were not correlated. As, Se, and U concentrations in drinking water were above the WHO’s drinking water guidelines and had THQ values exceeding 1.0, showing multielement contamination. Cr, Se, and U concentrations in drinking water were greater for impoverished administrative towns compared to middle and wealthy administrative towns, highlighting socioeconomic inequities in exposure to hazardous concentrations. We conclude that the citizens of Lahore are exposed to rice and drinking water that are hazardous to human health, including As and other lesser studied trace elements.

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Section: Market Rice Grain Trace Elements and Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, U) Concentrations and Health Hazards from Drinking Water and Market Rice across Lahore City, Pakistan

Imran,

Richardson

2023

Sustainability

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“…Rice is one of the most stable staple foods in most countries consumed in routines in households, and especially in wedding functions in Pakistan [73]. For the assessment of health risks owing to pollutants, estimation of exposure level is mandatory through quantification of the exposure routes of a toxin to a target organism [74].…”

Section: Potential Human Health Risk Assessment Through Consumption Of Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Khan

Hadi

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability

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Rice is staple food of Asian countries including Pakistan. Contamination of paddyfields with marble waste containing toxic metals has emerged as a key public health concern. Current study aimed to analyze heavy metal concentrations in marble powder, paddy soil and rice crop to estimate probable human health risks in District Malakand of Pakistan. Triplicate dry samples were analyzed through Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF). The marble waste increased the concentration of metals in paddy soil, subsequent increase in metals accumulation was found in rice grains. In grains the maximum concentration (mg/kg) of Fe (50.70), Cu (17.60), Mn (7.49) and Al (6.80) exceeded the permissible limits of FAO/WHO. The cumulative hazard index (HI) value from heavy metals through consumption of rice was greater than unity (HI > 1) indicating potential health risks. The results of Pearson correlation, Principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA) for metals were consistent.

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“…DMAs(V) and MMAs(V) pass through the phloem and get efficiently translocated from leaves to grains at a significant speed, thereby less accumulation occurs in leaves and root while high accumulation is seen in rice grains; even up to 90% of the total As (Carey et al, 2011). The recent study of Sarwar et al (2021) in 438 rice samples demonstrated that rice grain content high As (III), followed by As (V), DMA and MMA, having the order of As species in rice grain as As (III) [ As (V) [ DMA [ MMA that is similar to the order of uptake which was AsIII [ AsV [ DMA [ MMA (Raab et al 2007). The different forms of As are translocated from root to shoot to grain through xylem and phloem with the help of a number of transporters.…”

Section: Arsenic Uptake and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transporters: the molecular drivers of arsenic stress tolerance in plants

Thounaojam

Khan

Meetei

et al. 2021

J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol.

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Arsenic (As), the toxic metalloid, is taken up by plant roots and transported to different parts of the plant through transporters of the essential elements due to the structural analogy. The analogy of arsenate (AsV) with phosphate enables As (V) to enter plant through phosphate transporter, while, arsenite (AsIII) which is analogous to silicic acid, is taken up by plants through aquaporins. After the uptake, the different forms of As are translocated to shoot via xylem, imposing toxicity to plants that affect their growth and yield, however this depends on the effective concentration of free As anion at particular cellular organelle /site. To this end, the role of transporters becomes crucial as the central and prime regulator of As movement throughout the plant and in various cellular compartments. It is essential to understand the precise roles of different transporters involved in As uptake and transportation to avoid As accumulation and stress in plant. Therefore, this review discusses the transporters namely, phosphate transporters, nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, tonoplast intrinsic proteins, C-type ATP binding cassette transporters, arsenical resistance 3 transporter, inositol transporters, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters, and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein transporters, which are involved in As uptake, sequestration, translocation and efflux in plants, with an emphasis on As stress tolerance through the regulation of expression of the different transporters.

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Analysis of Arsenic concentration and its speciation in rice of different markets of Pakistan and its associated health risk

Cited by 19 publications

References 77 publications

Trace Element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, U) Concentrations and Health Hazards from Drinking Water and Market Rice across Lahore City, Pakistan

Trace Element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, U) Concentrations and Health Hazards from Drinking Water and Market Rice across Lahore City, Pakistan

Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) fluorescence based analysis of heavy metals in marble powder, paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) with potential health risks in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Transporters: the molecular drivers of arsenic stress tolerance in plants

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