Analysis of Balance during Functional Walking in Stroke Survivors

Meulen, Fokke B. van; Weenk, D.; Asseldonk, Edwin H.F. van; Schepers, H. Martin; Veltink, Petrus H.; Buurke, Jaap H.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166789

Cited by 43 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A second, currently more exploratory, approach is to equip subjects with unobtrusive sensors than can be worn during clinical procedures [ 19 ], or even during daily life [ 20 ] and calculate features from the collected data that may reflect balance performance or changes in performance [ 21 , 22 ]. This can be considered as a data mining approach.…”

Section: Clinical Practice and Developments In Assessment Of Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Robot-supported assessment of balance in standing and walking

Shirota

Asseldonk

Matjačić

et al. 2017

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Clinically useful and efficient assessment of balance during standing and walking is especially challenging in patients with neurological disorders. However, rehabilitation robots could facilitate assessment procedures and improve their clinical value. We present a short overview of balance assessment in clinical practice and in posturography. Based on this overview, we evaluate the potential use of robotic tools for such assessment. The novelty and assumed main benefits of using robots for assessment are their ability to assess ‘severely affected’ patients by providing assistance-as-needed, as well as to provide consistent perturbations during standing and walking while measuring the patient’s reactions. We provide a classification of robotic devices on three aspects relevant to their potential application for balance assessment: 1) how the device interacts with the body, 2) in what sense the device is mobile, and 3) on what surface the person stands or walks when using the device. As examples, nine types of robotic devices are described, classified and evaluated for their suitability for balance assessment. Two example cases of robotic assessments based on perturbations during walking are presented. We conclude that robotic devices are promising and can become useful and relevant tools for assessment of balance in patients with neurological disorders, both in research and in clinical use. Robotic assessment holds the promise to provide increasingly detailed assessment that allows to individually tailor rehabilitation training, which may eventually improve training effectiveness.

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Section: Clinical Practice and Developments In Assessment Of Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Robot-supported assessment of balance in standing and walking

Shirota

Asseldonk

Matjačić

et al. 2017

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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“…Balance control and efficiency metrics were defined to evaluate functional walking under variable conditions [7] and intra-and inter-participant variations for different phases of the TUG test were examined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SS 10 - Assessment of balance during functional walking in stroke survivors

Buurke¹,

Prinsen²,

Meulen³

et al. 2018

EasyChair Preprints

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Regaining balance function is often one of the key goals of stroke rehabilitation. Improvements in balance function can be the result of restitution or compensational strategies. In previous studies, the processes of restitution and compensational strategies have been established for straight-line walking. The development of these processes, however, are still largely unknown for other gait activities such as turning and side-stepping. Here, we present a fully ambulant gait analysis system that can be used for an objective evaluation of balance during functional tasks. The results of two individuals are presented: one individual with adequate balance function and one individual with impaired balance function. The analysis showed that the individual with adequate balance function was able to walk with increased instability when compared to the individual with impaired balance function. Based on these results, we conclude that the fully ambulant system is feasible for an objective quantification of balance function.  

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“…Here v CoM is the velocity of CoM and an indicator of the direction of movement, ω 0 is given as g/l 0 , where g = 9.8 m/s 2 (gravity), and l 0 is the vertical CoM position [10], [11]. Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MoS, an indication of dynamic balance, both in anterior-posterior as well as medio-lateral directions, gives information about walking stability [10], [11]. However, here only the gross placement of the projection of XCoM (XCoM') in 2D w.r.t the frontline of the BoS is studied.…”

Section: G Classification Of Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gait and Dynamic Balance Sensing Using Wearable Foot Sensors

Refai

Beijnum

Buurke

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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Remote monitoring of gait performance offers possibilities for objective evaluation, and tackling impairment in motor ability, gait, and balance in populations such as elderly, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, etc. This requires a wearable and unobtrusive system capable of estimating ambulatory gait and balance measures, such as Extrapolated Centre of Mass (XCoM) and dynamic Margin of Stability (MoS). These estimations require knowledge of 3D forces and moments (F&M), and accurate foot positions. Though an existing Ambulatory Gait and Balance System (AGBS) consisting of 3D F&M sensors, and inertial measurement units (IMUs) can be used for the purpose, it is bulky and conspicuous. Resistive pressure sensors were investigated as an alternative to the onboard 3D F&M sensors. Subject specific regression models were built to estimate 3D F&M from 1D plantar pressures. The model was applicable for different walking speeds. Different pressure sensor configurations were studied to optimise system complexity and accuracy. Using resistive sensors only under the toe and heel, we were able to estimate the XCoM with a mean absolute RMS error of 2.2 ± 0.3 cm in the walking direction while walking at a preferred speed, when compared to the AGBS. For the same case, the XCoM was classified as ahead or behind the Base of Support correctly at 97.7 ± 1.7%. In conclusion, the study shows that pressure sensors, minimally under the heel and toe, offer a lightweight and inconspicuous alternative for F&M sensing, towards estimating ambulatory gait and dynamic balance.

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Analysis of Balance during Functional Walking in Stroke Survivors

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Robot-supported assessment of balance in standing and walking

Robot-supported assessment of balance in standing and walking

SS 10 - Assessment of balance during functional walking in stroke survivors

Gait and Dynamic Balance Sensing Using Wearable Foot Sensors

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