Analysis of beampattern dwell time for planar frequency diverse array

Chen, Hui; Li, Duo; Wang, Wen-Qin

doi:10.1049/sil2.12014

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…By applying the proposed symmetries for the frequency, amplitudes, and location of the elements, the formulation of the AF can be obtained only by knowing the parameters of the elements that are located in one-quarter of the array plane. These symmetrical definitions limit the number of arrays that could be analyzed with the derived formula but it can be shown that these rules are kind of obligatory for the symmetrical beam in space, as they are obtained in many studies, [7]- [24][25][26]. The linear or sinusoidal frequency distribution also satisfies these symmetry rules.…”

Section: A N N Elements On X Axis a When J No Elements On X Axismentioning

confidence: 96%

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A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

Hasheminasab

Cheldavi

kishk³

2023

Preprint

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Antenna arrays benefit from spatial diversity, which enables the control of the pattern specifications in space. Adding frequency diversity to arrays provides an opportunity to control the beams in the Space-Time domain. Contrary to the conventional arrays, the added frequency diversity in the Frequency Diverse Arrays (FDA) leads to time-variant and range-dependent patterns. The time variation of the pattern affects both steering and auto-scanning applications. The array factor depends coherently on the frequency and spatial distributions of elements, in the same way, the spatial and time behavior of the FDA’s pattern is correlated. Due to this space-frequency coherency, an adjoint spatial-frequency design algorithm is the best approach for controlling the array's spatial and time behaviors. Although Due to the complexity of the array factor formulations in the FDA, the frequency and spatial distribution of the elements has been separately designed. This study proposes an algorithm to concurrently, allocate the location and frequency of the elements for a desired pattern. First, using some symmetry, a straightforward formulation for the array factor is obtained and used to design a symmetrical FDA for a stable and periodic scanning beam. Second, by analyzing the formulations, two important design parameters and some crucial design criteria of the FDA pattern for scanning applications are suggested, and using these parameters a designing algorithm is extracted. The novelty of the proposed approach is the simultaneous design of the location and frequency of the elements in the space-frequency plane, which results in meeting the time and spatial requirement of the pattern. Using this approach, two different planar arrays are designed, and their results are compared with those of other planar configurations. This study paves the way for a new approach to designing FDAs.

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Section: A N N Elements On X Axis a When J No Elements On X Axismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although the final geometry is obtained as a rectangular lattice with uniform frequency distribution along the x-axis. Generally, the location of elements in a designed rectangular lattice can be described by (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

Hasheminasab

Cheldavi

kishk³

2023

Preprint

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“…It can overcome many limitations of phased array such as scan loss due to the low dynamic range of phase-shifters and the beam direction is constant in the distance direction (the beam direction is independent of the distance) [1], [2]. Nevertheless, compared with phased array, the beam dwell time of a standard FDA (using linearly increasing frequency increments) is too short to satisfy a stable and flexible communication between two targets [3]. In other words, the dwell time of beam is still not ideal in the applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And there are many other methods to decide the frequency increment of every [5]. However, the above researches only consider the static beampattern and ignore the beam dwell time, which is a key factor that has an influence on the stability and flexibility of communication in the applications [3]. Most existing researches have discussed the beam dwell time for phased array [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Increments Optimization Based on IPSO to Extend Beam Dwell Time for Frequency Diverse Array

Pan

Yang

Jiao

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Compared with traditional phased array radar, frequency diverse array (FDA) can form a range-dependent beampattern and overcome the shortcoming that the traditional phased array radar cannot effectively control the range direction of the transmit beam. Nonuniform linear frequency increments has been widely applied in FDA to promote the performance of FDA. However, few methods can effectively extend the beam dwell time. In this paper, we propose an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) that can adjust the frequency increment of every array element to extend the dwell time of the beam within a period of time. Numerical simulation results show that our method can outperform other existing methods, which implies that a more stable and flexible FDA communication system can be achieved for the proposed method.

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“…Before designing the discular array, the location and frequency distribution of the elements in the rectangular lattice is described in a closed-form formula. Generally, the location of elements in a designed rectangular lattice can be described by (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays in Space-Frequency Domain

Hasheminasab

Cheldavi²,

kishk³

2022

Preprint

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Antenna arrays benefit from spatial diversity, which allows controlling the pattern specifications in space. Adding frequency diversity to the arrays initiates opportunity to control the beams in the Space-Time domain. Frequency Diverse Array (FDA) has a Range-Angle dependent pattern; therefore, the array's spatial and time behavior should be designed simultaneously for optimum performance. Due to the lack of simple array factor formulations for non-regular configurations, array geometry design has not been the primary concern in many current studies. Due to coherency between frequency and spatial distribution in FDAs, the spatial and time behavior of the pattern is correlated. Frequency diversity of the FDA leads to time-variant beam in steering and auto-scanning beam in CW applications. The present study in addition of SLL discusses two important scanning array parameters; the pattern periodicity and stability in each scan round. In this study using some symmetry rules, a straightforward formulation for the array factor is obtained and used to achieve a stable and periodic scanning beam, suggesting a novel joint space-frequency allocation scheme for the FDA. The approach allows the location and frequency of elements to be designed in the frequency-space plane that minimizes the error function, which is defined based on the time and spatial behavior of the array. Using these concepts, two arrays are designed, and their results are compared with other planar configurations. This study paves the way for a new approach to design FDAs.

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Analysis of beampattern dwell time for planar frequency diverse array

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

A Joint Frequency Space Design Approach for Efficient Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays

Frequency Increments Optimization Based on IPSO to Extend Beam Dwell Time for Frequency Diverse Array

Designing Planar Frequency Diverse Arrays in Space-Frequency Domain

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