Analysis of bicarbonate, phosphate and other anions in saliva by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection in diagnostics of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Dosedělová, Věra; Ďurč, Pavol; Dolina, Jiří; Konečný, Štefan; Foret, František; Kubáň, Petr

doi:10.1002/elps.201900319

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Salivary bicarbonate was significantly higher in GERD patients than in other study groups. These results were agreed with other studies that found there was significant elevation in bicarbonate levels in patients with GERD group than healthy subjects [30]. Another study showed that salivary bicarbonate secretion was stimulated by esophageal acid perfusion in dose-dependent manner and this response protects the esophageal mucosa from acid injury [31].…”

Section: Laboratory Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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The neutralization of stomach's acidic contents and protection of esophageal mucous membrane during reflux episodes is the primary function of the major buffering components of saliva, bicarbonate, and phosphate. The concentrations of inorganic compounds in the saliva of subjects who have Gastroesophageal reflux disease versus healthy individuals are poorly understood. In this work, the aim of study was to assess the occurrence of soft tissues alterations and symptoms in oral cavity and analysis of bicarbonate and phosphate to evaluate their levels in saliva of patients with GERD and compare with control individuals. A case-control study included 25 GERD patients diagnosed both clinically and endoscopically (GERD Group), 25 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms with no endoscopic signs of GERD (non GERD group) and 25 healthy subjects (control group) have been evaluated through visual examination of the oral mucosa, oral symptoms, nonstimulated salivary flow rate, swallowing function, in addition to the estimation of salivary concentration of bicarbonate and phosphate. Study result was significantly higher salivary bicarbonate in GERD patients (p<0.05), significantly lower Salivary flow rate and swallowing frequency compared to non-GERD group and control group. Among the patients with GERD, 56% of the cases suffering from oral dryness, 40% halitosis, 28% acid taste, 20% burning sensation, 20% palatal erythema. Salivary bicarbonate, oral symptom and mucosal alteration were shown to be significantly related to GERD. Therefore, GERD should be taken into account by dentists as a possible risk factor for oral health K E Y W O R D S Gastroesophageal reflux disease Oral symptoms Salivary flow rate Salivary bicarbonate Salivary phosphate

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Section: Laboratory Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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“…Another condition, gastroesophageal reflux disease, is caused by reflux of gastric acid into the esophagus and can cause heartburn and, in severe cases, can lead to esophageal damage. Salivary HCO 3 – plays an important role in esophageal acid defense [225] , [226] , [227] by neutralizing gastric acid [228] . Conversely, the action of NHE1 in esophageal epithelia may exacerbate the damage, perhaps by indirectly stimulating pro-apoptotic pathways [229] .…”

Section: Applications By Organ Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The therapeutic importance of acid-base balance

Quade

Parker

Occhipinti

2021

Biochemical Pharmacology

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Baking soda and vinegar have been used as home remedies for generations and today we are only a mouse-click away from claims that baking soda, lemon juice, and apple cider vinegar are miracles cures for everything from cancer to COVID-19. Despite these specious claims, the therapeutic value of controlling acid-base balance is indisputable and is the basis of Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for constipation, epilepsy, metabolic acidosis, and peptic ulcers. In this narrative review, we present evidence in support of the current and potential therapeutic value of countering local and systemic acid-base imbalances, several of which do in fact involve the administration of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Furthermore, we discuss the side effects of pharmaceuticals on acid-base balance as well as the influence of acid-base status on pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Our review considers all major organs systems as well as information relevant to several clinical specialties such as anesthesiology, infectious disease, oncology, dentistry, and surgery.

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“…No difference was reported in the concentrations of phosphate and other measured anions (6.4mM vs 5.7 mM; p=0.272) Table 1. (53)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive, MultiOmic and MultiCompartmental Biomarkers of Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review

Farooqi

Podury

Crowley

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background and AimsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent GI disorder which may complicate conditions such as obstructive airways disease (OAD). Our group has identified predictive biomarkers of GERD in particulate exposed 1st responders with OAD. Additionally, GERD diagnosis and treatment is costly, and invasive. In light of these clinical concerns our aim was to systematically review studies identifying non-invasive, multiOmic and multi-compartmental biomarkers of GERD.MethodsA systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE was performed on February 22, 2022 utilizing keywords focusing on reflux disease and biomarkers. The study was registered with PROSPERO (2022-CRD42022301543). We included: original human studies in English, published after December 31, 2009 focusing on non-invasive biomarkers of GERD. Reflux related conditions included Nonerosive Reflux Disease (NERD) Laryngopharyngeal Disease (LPR), Erosive Esophagitis (EE) and Barretts Esophagus (BE). Predictive measures were synthesized and bias assessed.ResultsPrimary search identified 241 studies. After removing duplicates and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria n=15 articles were identified. Salivary pepsin was the most studied biomarker (n=5) with a significant sensitivity and specificity for GERD and LPR detection. Studies showed that for GERD diagnosis, miR-203 downregulation had the highest area under curve the receiver operator curve(ROCAUC) 0.94(95% CI; 0.90-0.7). An oral microbiome model including Lautropia, Streptococcus and Bacteroidetes showed the greatest discrimination between BE and controls vs Lautropia alone; sensitivity of 96.9%, specificity of 88.2% and ROCAUC of 0.94(0.81-1.00).ConclusionPrior studies identified significant multiOmic, multi-compartmental non-invasive biomarker risks for GERD and its complications such as BE. However, due to study limitations and to further ascertain the reliability and accuracy of these biomarkers more studies are warranted.WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOWBACKGROUNDGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent GI disorder which may complicate conditions such as obstructive airways disease (OAD). GERD diagnosis and treatment is costly, and invasive. In light of these clinical concerns our aim was to systematically review studies identifying non-invasive, multiOmic and multi-compartmental biomarkers of GERD.FINDINGSSalivary pepsin was the most studied biomarker with a significant sensitivity and specificity for GERD detection. Studies showed that for GERD diagnosis, miR-203 downregulation had the highest ROCAUC. An oral microbiome model including Lautropia, Streptococcus and Bacteroidetes showed the greatest discrimination between Barrette’s Esophagus and controls vs Lautropia alone.IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CAREPrior studies identified significant multiOmic, multi-compartmental non-invasive biomarker risks for GERD and its complications such as BE. However, due to study limitations and to further ascertain the reliability, accuracy and clinical utility of these biomarkers more studies are warranted.

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Analysis of bicarbonate, phosphate and other anions in saliva by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection in diagnostics of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Untitled

Untitled

The therapeutic importance of acid-base balance

Non-Invasive, MultiOmic and MultiCompartmental Biomarkers of Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review

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