Analysis of biofuel (briquette) production from forest biomass: a socioeconomic incentive towards deforestation

Ullah, Saif; Noor, Rana Shahzad; Sanaullah,; Tian, Gang

doi:10.1007/s13399-021-01311-5

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Crop waste and animal dung were collected from Rana Agricultural Farm. Wheat straw acts as a bulking agent in co-composting of biomass and inorganic amendments to improve the compost material structure with high moisture and nitrogen contents [39,40]. Inorganic amendments used in this study were purchased from Agrochemical Industry, Industrial Estate Multan, Pakistan.…”

Section: Organic Feedstock and Inorganic Amendmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the effects of co-composting organic biomass mixtures with inorganic amendments to obtain value-added bio-products

Noor

Sun

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Co-digestion of organic biomass mixed with inorganic amendments could have an impact on composting dynamics. Various studies highlighted fertilizers’ role as an additive to lesser the nitrogen loss, while some studies focused on the addition of fertilizers to enhance the efficiency. The changes in carbon, nitrogen components, and humic substances during the organic-inorganic co-compost process were seldom studied. Clarifying these changes might help improve the production process and compost nutrients contents. Thus, this study’s purpose is to investigate the effects of inorganic amendments on compost characteristics, compost temperature, biochemical methane production (BMP), and nutritional contents. The inorganic phosphorous (P), sulfur (S), and sulfur solubilizing agent (SSA) were added to Farmyard manure (FYM) mixed with biodegradable waste (BW), including wheat straw, corn stalks, and green lawn waste. The P and S amended treatments were carried out into two sets, with and without SSA. The mixed feedstocks were added in the insulated RBC composting pit (15 x 15 x 10 feet). The compost material’s moisture content was maintained 50–65% during the entire composting process for optimum waste digestion i.e., the moisture content (MC) of FYM was 82.7% and for BW ranged 8.8–10.2%, while the C/N ratio was found 10.5 for FYM, 74.5 for wheat straw, 83.5 for corn stalks, and 84.8 for lawn waste. At the condition of compost maturity, the inorganic amendments have no significant effect on composted material’s moisture content. The maximum organic matter of 69.7% and C/N ratio of 44.6 was measured in T1. On the 6th day of composting, the temperature reached to thermophilic range (>45 oC) in all the treatments due to aeration of compost increased microbial activities and waste decomposition rate and decreased gradually to mesophilic range (35–45 oC) because the supply of high-energy compounds becomes exhausted. The highest temperature was reached in T4 (58 oC) and lowest in CT (47 oC). The significantly maximum methane of 8.95 m3 and biogas burning was 818 minutes in CT, followed by T1 and T4. The results of this study revealed that P enriched compost is a feasible and sustainable way to overcome P deficiency in the soil as well as in plants and best way to use low-grade P and organic waste material.

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Section: Organic Feedstock and Inorganic Amendmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the effects of co-composting organic biomass mixtures with inorganic amendments to obtain value-added bio-products

Noor

Sun

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Deforestation and degradation are the main cause of substantial carbon emission in tropical forest, which has global Impacts on the balance and sustainability of the global climate system [40][41][42][43][44][45]. Forest fires in tropical forest is basically due to extreme drought, these disturbances are the major threats to the worldwide forest ecosystems [17,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent global warming as a proximate cause of deforestation and forest degradation in northern Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Instrumental climatological records such as weather stations data of northern areas of Pakistan are not sufficient to assess the forest extreme events reliably. To understand the past climatic variability, tree ring width based climatic reconstruction is the best alternative to trace climate variability that goes back in time. Quercus Incana is the most sensitive species to drought and climatic variation in northern Pakistan. However, very little research quantifies the rate of ongoing climatic changes. A total of 65 tree cores were collected from two sites to understand the radial growth of Q. Incana to extreme drought events. The radial growth is mainly affected by high temperatures during May-July. In addition, radial growth exhibits a positive correlation with February-June precipitation while it is negatively correlated with the September precipitation. The radial growth decrease, particularly in harsh climatic conditions. The reconstructed tree ring record was strongly coherent with the May-June self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) and reliable in reconstructing drought variability for the period 1750–2014. During the past 264 years, wet periods were found during 1980–2010, 1812–1836, and 1754–1760, while dry periods were found during 1896–1922, 1864–1876, and 1784–1788. Our reconstruction explains 39.8% of the scPDSI variance. The extreme drought and wet years we arrived at were in close agreement with the drought and wet periods that occurred in northern Pakistan. Wavelet analysis revealed drought variability at periodicities of 2.2–2.5, 3.3, 3–4, 16.7, 16.8, and 68–78.8 years. Hence it is concluded that deforestation and forest degradation rate increased with extreme drought and wet years. Overall, the variation of drought in northern Pakistan seems to have been affected due to El Nino south oscillation, Pacific decadal oscillation, or Atlantic multi-decadal oscillations.

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“…Generally, second-generation biofuels are produced via physical, biochemical, or thermochemical processes. Briquetting [ 19 ], pelletizing [ 20 ], or extracting fiber from biomass residues [ 21 ] are the main physical processes that turn waste biomass into useable and efficient solid fuels for combustion. However, more advanced conversion technologies are derived through biochemical and thermochemical routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of bioenergy technologies: A scientometric analysis

Jahanshahi,

Lopes,

Brandão

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Analysis of biofuel (briquette) production from forest biomass: a socioeconomic incentive towards deforestation

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Quantifying the effects of co-composting organic biomass mixtures with inorganic amendments to obtain value-added bio-products

Quantifying the effects of co-composting organic biomass mixtures with inorganic amendments to obtain value-added bio-products

Recent global warming as a proximate cause of deforestation and forest degradation in northern Pakistan

Development of bioenergy technologies: A scientometric analysis

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