Analysis of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and its hydrolytic metabolites in biological specimens by high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Chang, Yan; Nguyen, Charlene; Paranjpe, Vikram; Gilliland, Frank D.; Zhang, Junfeng Jim

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.06.005

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…S1, we concluded that the compounds were stable for the first 4 days of the experiment, regardless of the water content in solutions and temperature. Similar results were obtained by Chang et al, who found that BADGE hydroxy derivatives are stable in water for 5 days [8]. We found that, after a certain period of time (> 4 days), the concentration of some compounds increased (namely BADGE·2H 2 O, BADGE·H 2 O, BADGE·H 2 O·HCl, BADGE·2HCl, and BFDGE·2H 2 O).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This compound is believed to have estrogenic activity and be toxic and genotoxic [6, 7]. Unfortunately, in addition to BPA, many other biologically active compounds are used in the production of polymeric materials [8], including bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), a synthetic compound obtained from a condensation reaction between epichlorohydrin and BPA [9]. Similarly, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) is produced in the reaction between phenol–formaldehyde resins (novolac) and epichlorohydrin [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stabilities of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, and their derivatives under controlled conditions analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

et al. 2019

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Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycydyl ether (BFDGE), and their related compounds are widely used as precursors in production of epoxy resins. The high reactivity of these compounds makes the development of analytical methodologies that ensure appropriate metrological accuracy crucial. Consequently, we aimed to determine whether and to what extent the composition of the solution and storage conditions affect the stability of selected BADGE and BFDGE derivatives. The stabilities of these compounds were studied using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (HPLC-ESI–MS/MS). The chromatographic method elaborated here has allowed for separation of the analytes in time shorter than 6 min, for both methanol and acetonitrile-based mobile phases. The obtained calibration curves for all analytes were linear in the range tested. The values of limit of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.91–2.7 ng/mL, while values of limit of quantitation (LOQs) were in the range of 2.7–5.7 ng/mL. The chosen experimental conditions were compared in terms of the content of organic solvent in solution, storage temperature, and time. Our results show that the content of BADGE, BADGE·HCl, BFDGE, three-ring NOGE decreased with increasing water content (> 40% v / v ). For BADGE and three-ring NOGE, significant changes in concentration were noted as early as 24 h after the test solutions had been prepared. In addition, a reduction in the storage temperature (4 to − 20 °C) reduced the rate of transformation of the monitored analytes. Our study will increase quality control in future research and may increase the reliability of the obtained results. Graphical abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00216-019-02016-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilities of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, and their derivatives under controlled conditions analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

et al. 2019

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“…In order to ensure food safety, European Commission stipulate the migration limits are 9.0 mg kg −1 and 1.0 mg kg −1 for BADGE and its hydroxyl‐derivatives and chlorinated derivatives in food or food simulant, respectively . Until now, various methods have been developed for the detection of BADGE and its derivatives, such as ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (UPLC‐FLD), ultra performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS), and high performance liquid chromatography and positive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS), and so on. These methods are often used in conjunction with solid phase extraction (SPE) or liquid‐liquid extraction (LLE) due to the complexity of food material, which require not only high reagents consumption, expensive instrument, long detection period but also cumbersome sample treatment .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor for the Selective Determination of Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

Zeng

et al. 2020

ChemistrySelect

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In this manuscript, a sensitive and selective molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor for the detection of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in canned oil was developed. Using BADGE as template, pyrrole as functional monomer, after electropolymerization and elution processes, the molecular imprinted film for the special recognition of BADGE was prepared on the surface of platinum disk electrode. Every step in the experiment was verified by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), microscopic fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (Micro‐FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The experimental parameters in the assay were optimized, and the linear range of the MIP sensor was 0.05 μmol dm−3 to 10 μmol dm−3 with the detection limit of 0.04 μmol dm−3 based on S/N=3. The sensor was applied to edible oil samples for detection with a good accuracy, which could be used as a new strategy for sensitive, rapid, simple and cost‐effective screening of BADGE.

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“…10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food contains permitted migration limits for compounds used in food packaging; the limits constitute a safe dose that does not cause risk to consumer health. According to the regulation, the sum of BADGE·HCl, BADGE·2HCl, and BADGE·HCl·H 2 O must not exceed 1 mg/kg in food or food simulant, and the sum of BADGE and its hydrolysed derivatives must not exceed 9 mg/kg [ 10 , 11 ]. The analysis of existing data shows that in the majority of cases, these compounds are present in food samples at low or very low levels of concentration; indeed, the levels of these compounds (BADGE and its hydrolysed derivatives [ 8 , 9 ]) are substantially lower than threshold values set forth in the Regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric Assessment and Best-Fit Function Modelling of the Toxic Potential of Selected Food Packaging Extracts

et al. 2018

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Food packaging materials constitute an ever more threatening environmental pollutant. This study examined options to specifically assess the ecotoxicity of packaged wastes, such as cans, subjected to various experimental treatments (in terms of extraction media, time of exposure, and temperature) that imitate several basic conditions of the process of food production. The extracts were studied for their ecotoxicity with bioluminescent Vibrio fischeri bacteria. The first objective of this study was to find patterns of similarity between different experimental conditions; we used multivariate statistical methods, such as hierarchical cluster analysis, to interpret the impact of experimental conditions on the ecotoxicity signals of the package extracts. Our second objective was to apply best-fit function modelling for additional data interpretation, taking into account, that ecotoxicity for various temperature conditions is time- and temperature dependent. We mathematically confirmed that chemometric data treatment allows for better understanding how different experimental conditions imitating the real use of food packaging. We also demonstrate that the level of ecotoxicity depends on different extraction media, time of exposure, and temperature regime.

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Analysis of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and its hydrolytic metabolites in biological specimens by high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Stabilities of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, and their derivatives under controlled conditions analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

Stabilities of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, and their derivatives under controlled conditions analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

An Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor for the Selective Determination of Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

Chemometric Assessment and Best-Fit Function Modelling of the Toxic Potential of Selected Food Packaging Extracts

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