Analysis of burning rate phenomena and extinguished solid propellants from an interrupted closed bomb with plasma igniter [ETC launchers]

Kaste, Pamela J.; Birk, Avi; Kinkennon, Amy E.; Lieb, Robert J.; Guercio, Miguel Del; Schroeder, Michael A.; Pesce-Rodrigucz, R.

doi:10.1109/20.911815

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, the JA2 (and possibly M9) have significant energy deposited far enough below the surface to ignite the sample in a sustained fashion. This interpretation is consistent with earlier observations by Kaste et al [9] in comparing the relative color of plasma-and conventional-ignited M30 grains. In that work, the plasma-exposed grains showed less color change, which is usually indicative of combustion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Small-Scale Experiments in Plasma-Propellant Interactions

Beyer¹

2001

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A series of experiments has been performed to continue the process of characterizing the interaction between a hot plasma igniter such as is in use in electrothermal chemical (ETC) guns, and a variety of gun propellants. The primary diagnostic in the research reported here is pressure generation records for different interaction geometries. It is found that ignition times may be shorter for propellants with weaker optical absorption, such as M9 or JA2, than those with stronger interaction with the plasma, such as M30. This difference is attributed to the ablation of the surface without significant energy transfer to the bulk of the material in the latter case.n

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Small-Scale Experiments in Plasma-Propellant Interactions

Beyer¹

2001

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“…Lieb postulated that mechanisms to explain observed morphological changes include erosive burning, fracture-generated tunneling, and in-depth burning. Blowout pressures were typically larger than those found by Kaste et al (1998aKaste et al ( , 1998bKaste et al ( , 1999 and Kinkennon et al (2000) to be of use for studying plasma effects, i.e., 95 MPa vs. 35 MPa. Kaste et al (1998b) examined seven different propellant formulations, including a double base (M9), a modified double base (JA2), a LOVA (HELP-1), and nitramine-filled thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), all recovered from experiments where the propellant was exposed to plasma in an "open air" configuration.…”

Section: List Of Figuresmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…No evidence of plasticizer depletion was observed in the samples recovered from either of these experiments. Kaste et al (1998a) reported on the analysis of M30 and JA2 from interrupted closed bomb experiments with plasma and conventional ignition sources. It was found that denitration at the surface of JA2 occurred at blowout pressures of 75 and 100 MPa, but not at 35 MPa, suggesting that the reaction was a result of burning, not of exposure to plasma.…”

Section: List Of Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Chemistry in Plasma-Exposed M30 and JA2 Gun Propellants

Pesce‐Rodriguez¹,

Beyer²,

Kinkennon³

et al. 2001

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JA2 and M30 recovered from interrupted ETC-closed bomb, interrupted ETC small-scale chamber, and open-air experiments were subjected to chemical and microscopic analysis. Evidence of subsurface reaction in both M30 and JA2 has been discovered using a desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (D-GC-MS) method to detect low levels of NO in the propellant. It appears that for M30, profiles for radiation-induced denitration of nitrate esters are consistent with Beer's law, and that effects occur as deep as 0.5 mm into the exposed surface. Radiation-induced denitration in JA2 has been detected as deep as 0.75 mm from the exposed surface, but profiles are not consistent with Beer's law. It is suspected that denitration at and below the exposed JA2 surface occurs mostly in locations where large graphite particles are found. Rough estimates of graphite particle temperature when exposed to plasma radiation are in excess of those required for denitration to occur. Microscopic examination of plasmaexposed propellant indicates several features (pits, gouges, blisters, wormholes, etc.) that increase the surface area of the propellant and can contribute to an increased burning rate.u

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“…There are manys urface observation means to test the recovered unknown propellant samples [17,18].K aste et al [17] useds canning electron microscopy to observe the melted layer existed on the surface of M30, and nitroguanidine crystal depletion in the perforations was most evident at the lowest blow-out pressure and seemed to diminish at higher pressure. It was concluded thatt he plasma-propellant interactions and associated effects may occur only very early during ignition.F or TEGDN propellants, three kinds of samples were used in the photographic examination, as listed in Ta ble 1.…”

Section: Surface Physicalc Hange Of Propellantsa Fter Ignited By the mentioning

confidence: 98%

Response of TEGDN Propellants to Plasma Ignition with the Same Magnitude of Ignition Energy as Conventional Igniters in an Interrupted Burning Simulator

Xiao

Ying

2015

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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[a] 1Introduction Plasma-propellant interaction had been widely studied to understand the plasma ignition mechanismo fp ropellants [1][2][3][4][5][6][7],a ugmentation burning rate phenomena [8],a nd physical processes [ 9],a nd to benefit the design of the plasma generator to ignite the charge system during the gun or combustion simulator [10].A lso, there are many demonstration tests [11,12] in the electrothermalc hemical gun (ETC) and achieved valuable results to proof the advantage of plasma ignition, such as shorter and reproducible ignitiond elay time, reducedt emperature sensitivity of the propellant, and the possibility of easily adjustingt he electricalp arameters, whichi nfluence the ignition of the combustion process.Althought he plasma ignition systemh as many advantages, it is still encounteredw ith many challenges for its application in the ETC gun. From the viewpoint of propellant charge design, the propellantsa ppropriate to be ignited by plasma playedacriticalr ole in the application of ETC gun systemb asedo nt he intensive academic and practical research and developmento fE TC gun. The matcht est on the plasma ignitionf or new kinds of propellants has to be investigated to boost the development of specific propellants appropriate to be ignited by plasma, which were difficult to be ignited by convention ignition methods.In gun propellant chemistry,nitrocellulose (NC) and nitroglycerine (NG) basedg un propellants are highly prone to accidental initiationa sar esult of externals timulus (fire, shock wave, and impact). In ordert or educe the risks, high energy insensitive propellants are an attractive alternative for conventional NC/NG based propellants. The plasticizer triethyleneglycol dinitrate (TEGDN) is added to the system to partially replace nitroglycerine (NG) to increase the force of double-basep ropellants and reduce the sensitivity to the external stimulus. This kind of propellant is denoted as TEGDN propellant in the context. Meanwhile, the use of energetic polymer binderi .e. energetic thermoplastic elastomers (ETPE)i ni ts formulation is regardeda sapractical method to formulate high energy insensitive propellants [13,14].Significant progress on the small-scale test grid related with combustion and energy release was madei nt he development of high energy and insensitive propellants including energetic thermoplastic elastomers (ETPE) [15].Previousw ork [10] focused on the match tests to validate the electrothermal chemical (ETC) gun applicationf or the emergingi nsensitive high energy propellants with high loading density in small-scale demonstration test. The match test on propellant loading parametersa nd plasma Abstract:I no rder to consider the potential influenceo fignition energy factors on the responseo fd ouble basep ropellants plasticized with triethyleneglycol dinitrate (TEGDN propellants), the influence of different ignition methods at the same magnitude of ignition energy level on the response of TEGDN propellants was investigated in an interrupted burning simulator.C om...

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Analysis of burning rate phenomena and extinguished solid propellants from an interrupted closed bomb with plasma igniter [ETC launchers]

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Small-Scale Experiments in Plasma-Propellant Interactions

Small-Scale Experiments in Plasma-Propellant Interactions

In-Depth Chemistry in Plasma-Exposed M30 and JA2 Gun Propellants

Response of TEGDN Propellants to Plasma Ignition with the Same Magnitude of Ignition Energy as Conventional Igniters in an Interrupted Burning Simulator

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