Analysis of Carcinoma Breast Patients Presenting to Surgical Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre in Peshawar

Abstract

Objective: To determine clinical and pathological features of patients of breast cancer presenting to surgical unit of a tertiary care center in Peshawar. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 1stJanuary 2022 to 31st December 2022. Cases referred to surgical unit for workup of breast cancer were recruited into the study by non-probability purposive sampling. After taking detailed history and physical examination, true cut biopsy of breast lump was taken and sent for histopathology, receptor studies and Ki67 scoring. Cases who were diagnosed previously in other hospitals were excluded. Data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Mean and standard deviation were used for quantitative variables while frequency and percentages were used for qualitative variables. Results: About 230 patients of breast cancer were included in the study. Mean age of study sample was 43±12.94 (range:17-85) years. About 123 (53.5%) cases were premenopausal. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the commonest diagnosis which was seen in 175 (76.1%) cases. Receptor status for estrogen and progesterone was positive in 135 (59.4%) and 107 (47.3.5%) cases respectively. About 123 (53.3%) cases presented in early stage of disease while 34 (14.8%) cases were in metastatic phase. Conclusion: Breast cancer presents in early age in our population. Invasive ductal carcinoma breast is the commonest diagnosis in our setup. The rate of metastatic disease in our setup is high as compared to developed countries. Early referral is warranted for timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease.