Analysis of Carp Value Chain in Bara District, Nepal

Abstract

Carp is the major fish produced under polyculture in Nepal. A study was conducted to analyze the value chain of carp in the Bara district from January to April 2020. A total of 120 respondents; 60 each from Simraungadh and Pachrauta municipality on an equal basis was sampled by using the cluster sampling technique. 60 respondents include; 45 carp producers, 10 traders (local collector, district collector, local wholesaler, processor, retailer), and 5 consumers from Simraungadh and Pachrauta municipality were sampled randomly. Data were entered and coded in SPSS 25 and analyzed using STATA 12.1. The study revealed a benefit-cost ratio was 1.76. The maximum share was contributed by the cost of feed (70%) to the total variable cost and cost of pond construction (80%) to the total fixed cost. The unit cost of production of carp under polyculture was NRs. 201.5. The key actors involved in the chains were producer, wholesaler, collector, processor, retailer, and consumer. The price spread was higher in the regional market chain i.e. NRs 66.73 as compared to the local market (NRs 40.38). The producer’s share was higher in the local market chain (87.5%) as compared to the producer’s share in the regional market chain (81.73%). The study revealed that the value chain of carp was dominated by the trader. Consumers kept the freshness of the carp under major consideration while purchasing. The major problem faced by the trader was identified as the unavailability of plastic crates. Carp production is a profitable enterprise, yet producers were not realizing potential benefits due to the involvement of middlemen and their dominant role while determining the price. Thus, carp enterprise could be bolstered through government stringent rules and proper policy to determine the price and to customize the efficient marketing channel.

Fish Farming and Marketing System in Bara District, Nepal

“…Likewise, Indian market dependent was ranked last with index value 0.25. In contrast, Dhalta to be given (the amount is given to the buyer in addition to the actual amount bought) was identified to be the first major constraint in the marketing and markets as ranked by the carp producer in the study area with an index value of 0.91 (Bhandari, et al, 2021). In Nepal, most serious marketing problems are lack of transportation, fish diseases, lack of financial facilities, frequent strikes, fish theft, lack of research about fish marketing, unhygienic storing condition, lack of specialized fish marketing manpower and lack of adequate marketing infrastructure (Kumari, 2015;Budhathoki and Sapkota, 2018).…”

Exploring fish consumption patterns and preference factors among consumers in the Siraha district of Nepal

“…The aquaculture industry in Nepal is a robust agricultural subsector that plays a significant role in the country's economy. By the year 2075/76, this sector is projected to contribute 1.13% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 4.18% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the agricultural sector (Bhandari et al, 2021;Koirala et al, 2021). There are numerous water sources, accounting for around 5.5% of the total land area and just 2% of the estimated 826.818 hectares of water surface exploited for farming and fishing (Husen, 2019).…”

“…There are numerous water sources, accounting for around 5.5% of the total land area and just 2% of the estimated 826.818 hectares of water surface exploited for farming and fishing (Husen, 2019). The nation has a total output of 91.832 million tons, of which aquaculture contributes 70,831 million tons and fisheries 2.100 million tons (Table 1) (Bhandari et al, 2021;Koirala et al, 2021). Nepal imported 9.344 tons of fish to fulfill local demand in 2018/19 (Bhandari et al, 2021).…”

“…The nation has a total output of 91.832 million tons, of which aquaculture contributes 70,831 million tons and fisheries 2.100 million tons (Table 1) (Bhandari et al, 2021;Koirala et al, 2021). Nepal imported 9.344 tons of fish to fulfill local demand in 2018/19 (Bhandari et al, 2021). However, fish output in Nepal is expanding steadily at a rate of 8-9% each year (Aryal et al, 2020).…”

Trend and Growth Rate Analysis of Pond Number, Water Surface Area, Production and Productivity of Fish Farming in Bara District, Nepal

“…Resources like fry and fingerlings, feed, fertilizer, lime and medicine are being under used in Bara (Adhikari et al, 2019). In addition to this, timely unavailability of inputs, frequently occurring fish diseases, lack of refrigeration facilities and efficient marketing channels are problems faced by fish farmers of Bara district (Bhandari et al, 2021). The temporal growth in pond number, water surface area, production and productivity in Bara has not been assessed and short and long-term plans are prepared based on limited information, and as a consequence, governmental and non-governmental bodies are being hindered in formulating relevant policies, plan and implementation of the interventions.…”