Analysis of Cell Type-specific Expression of CK1ε in Various Tissues of Young Adult BALB/c Mice and in Mammary Tumors of SV40 T-Ag-transgenic Mice

Abstract

Casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) is involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, vesicle transport, and control of the circadian rhythm. Deregulation of CK1ε has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. To better understand the cell type-specific functions of CK1ε, we determined its localization by immunhistochemistry in tissues of healthy, young adult BALB/c mice and in mammary tumors of SV40 T-antigen-transgenic mice. CK1ε expression was found to be highly regulated in normal tissues of endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal origin and in neoplastic tissue of mammary cancer. The data presented here give an overview of CK1ε reactivity in different organs under normal conditions and outline changes in its expression in mammary carcinomas. Our data suggest a cell/organ type-specific function of CK1ε and indicate that tumorigenic conversion of mammary glands in SV40 T-antigen-transgenic mice leads to downregulation of CK1ε. This manuscript contains online supplemental material at http://www.jhc.org . Please visit this article online to view these materials.

Csnk1e Is a Genetic Regulator of Sensitivity to Psychostimulants and Opioids

“…One possibility is that cell type-specific expression of the two isoforms mediates the results. Although the general distribution of expression of Csnk1e and Csnk1d in the brain is similar, specificity of Csnk1e and Csnk1d expression has been observed in cell types such as Purkinje cells and astroglia (Utz et al, 2010;Lohler et al, 2009). Furthermore, a recent study showed that loss of DARPP-32 in D1-expressing cells reduced baseline and cocaine-induced locomotor activity whereas loss of DARPP-32 in D2-expressing cells increased baseline and cocaineinduced locomotor activity (Bateup et al, 2010).…”

Circadian rhythms in gene expression: Relationship to physiology, disease, drug disposition and drug action☆

“…Other clock regulating genes including REV-ERB, ROR alpha, ROR gamma and CK1ξ are also involved in regulating cell cycle processes, and disruption of their expression is associated with tumor malignancies [82, 95]. Nuclear receptor REV-ERB alpha can negatively regulate the expression of CDKN1a while ROR alpha positively regulates its expression, thereby controlling the G1 to S phase transition [82].…”

“…CK1ξ which phosphorylates and tags PER for degradation plays an important role in regulating cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and chromosomal segregation. CK1ξ is dysregulated (primarily overexpressed but sometimes mutated) in various cancer types including breast cancer, leukemia, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, mammary ductal carcinoma, and others [95–97]. The anti-apoptotic and growth stimulatory property of CK1ξ accounts for part of its oncogenic effect in tumor cells [98].…”

Gene expression levels of Casein kinase 1 (CK1) isoforms are correlated to adiponectin levels in adipose tissue of morbid obese patients and site-specific phosphorylation mediated by CK1 influences multimerization of adiponectin

“…Previously carried out analyses of their cell-type specific expression in young adult mice revealed that both isoforms are highly expressed in adipocytes of white and brown adipose tissues (Lohler et al, 2009;Utz et al, 2010). Similarly, CK1δ and ε are expressed in the cytoplasm of adipocytes in human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue (Fig.…”