Analysis of changes in nutrient salts and other water quality indexes in the pond water for largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides) farming

Qiu, Junyi; Zhang, Chunyan; Lv, Zhaojun; Zhang, Zhen; Chu, Yuxuan; Shang, Dongwei; Chen, Yibo; Chen, Chengxun

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24996

Heliyon

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24996

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Analysis of changes in nutrient salts and other water quality indexes in the pond water for largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides) farming

Junyi Qiu,

Chunyan Zhang,

Zhaojun Lv

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on energy metabolism, immune response, and apoptosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Wu,

Lin,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Hypoxia is an unfavorable environmental condition that produces diverse negative effects in fish. High-density cultures of Epinephelus coioides are more likely to experience hypoxic conditions than those in natural environments. To assess the effects of hypoxia on E. coioides, we examined the related enzyme activities and gene expression after 48 h of hypoxia and 24 h of dissolved oxygen (DO) recovery. Under hypoxic stress (DO: 1.2 ± 0.1 mg/L), the energy supply mode of fish changed from aerobic metabolism to anaerobic metabolism, and the serum glucose content and lactate dehydrogenase activity were significantly upregulated. Total protein, hepatic glycogen, and two key regulatory enzymes (i.e., hexokinase and pyruvate kinase) were differentially expressed in the liver, and mRNA expression of three genes (i.e., LDHA, GLUT1, and MCT2) also showed a high expression trend. In serum, three immune-related enzymes (i.e., alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) were found to be involved in regulation by hypoxia and showed different levels of changing patterns. Expression of inflammatory genes (i.e., IL-8, IFNγ, MyD88, and NF-kB) were significantly regulated in liver. With prolongation of hypoxic stress, high expression of apoptotic genes (i.e., p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-9) was closely related to the degree of apoptosis in the liver. Our investigation of the changes in energy metabolism, immune response, and apoptosis of E. coioides under hypoxia and reoxygenation (DO, 6.0 ± 0.1 mg/L) provides a theoretical bases for healthy aquaculture and selection of varieties with tolerance to hypoxia.

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Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on energy metabolism, immune response, and apoptosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Wu,

Lin,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Morphology and Gut Microbiota of Spinibarbus sinensis Under Different Aquaculture Systems

Deng,

Feng,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Biology

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Fish gut health is influenced by various factors, with the environment being a significant one. S. sinensis is a key aquaculture species in China, yet research on the impact of different aquaculture systems on its intestinal health remains limited. This study aims to explore the changes in intestinal morphology and gut microbiota of S. sinensis under two aquaculture systems. The juveniles of S. sinensis were divided into two groups and cultured in traditional ponds (CT) and an in-pond tank culture system (JY), with equal amounts of feed provided daily over a 72-day experimental period. The results showed no significant differences in growth performance metrics, including the specific growth rate, weight gain rate, hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index between the two groups. In terms of intestinal morphology, the JY group villus width was significantly wider than the CT group, and the number of goblet cells in the CT group was significantly higher than that of the JY group (p < 0.05), which suggested that the fish in the JY group may have better intestinal nutrient absorption capacity, while the water quality in the CT group may be worse. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota showed that the JY group had a significantly higher Shannon index compared to the CT group (p < 0.05), indicating greater species richness and evenness. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) revealed a distinct clustering of gut microbiota between the two groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota was significantly higher in the CT group, whereas Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were significantly higher in the JY group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, KEGG pathway predictions indicated differences in the potential metabolic capabilities of the gut microbiota between the two groups (p < 0.05). Overall, this study is the first to conduct a comparative analysis of the growth performance, intestinal tissue morphology, and gut microbiota of S. sinensis under two different aquaculture systems, which has valuable implications for the further optimization of aquaculture practices.

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Effects of Ammonia Stress on Liver Tissue Structure, Enzyme Activities, and Metabolome of Juvenile Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

Pu,

Wang,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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Background: Ammonia, a ubiquitous contaminant in aquatic ecosystems, poses multifaceted threats to fish species at elevated concentrations. Methods: In order to investigate the toxic effects of chronic ammonia stress on the liver of juvenile Micropterus salmoides, the present experiment was conducted to investigate the differences in changes in liver tissue structure, enzyme activities, and metabolomes after 28 days of ammonia exposure (0, 4, 8, and 16 mg/L). Results: The findings revealed that ammonia exposure induced significant oxidative stress in the liver, manifesting in decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px, elevated levels of GSH, GST, and MDA, and heightened activities of immune enzymes LZM, ALP, and ACP. An increase in ammonia concentration exacerbated liver tissue damage. Metabolome analysis further unveiled perturbations in liver metabolites of Micropterus salmoides exposed to ammonia, with Ala-His emerging as a potentially pivotal functional substance under chronic stress. Specifically, the 4 mg/L group responded to ammonia toxicity by augmenting GSH and L-Carnosine levels, the 8 mg/L group detoxified via upregulation of L-Glutamine, and the 16 mg/L group mitigated toxicity through the urea synthesis pathway. Conclusions: This research offers preliminary insights into the toxicological responses of Micropterus salmoides under chronic ammonia stress. It is suggested that the duration of ammonia concentration exceeding 4 mg/L in high-density aquaculture should not exceed 7 days.

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Analysis of changes in nutrient salts and other water quality indexes in the pond water for largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides) farming

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on energy metabolism, immune response, and apoptosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on energy metabolism, immune response, and apoptosis in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Morphology and Gut Microbiota of Spinibarbus sinensis Under Different Aquaculture Systems

Effects of Ammonia Stress on Liver Tissue Structure, Enzyme Activities, and Metabolome of Juvenile Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

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