“…17 The degradation of these devices arise from instability of the perovskite structure type hybrid compounds and can also be understood from Madelung electrostatic potential analysis. 18 Furthermore, it has also been shown that the stability of oxides such as Li 19 On the other hand, lattice site potential can be used for the estimation of the oxygen to metal charge transfer and bandgap of perovskite type ABO 3 oxides using an ionic model developed by Zaanen et al 20 and demonstrated in a large number of oxides by Torrance et al 21 and Arima et al 22 Kato et al employed lattice site potential analysis to show that the valence band structure can be tailored by designing the stacking sequence of layers of a number of layered compounds BiOX (X ¼ Cl, Br, I), Bi 4 NbO 8 X (X ¼ Cl, Br), Bi 2 GdO 4 X (X ¼ Cl, Br), and SrBiO 2 X (X ¼ Cl, Br, I) and therefore, lattice site potential analysis may be useful for designing new photocatalysts. 23 Here we look back at the development of Madelung electrostatic potential and lattice site potential only for perovskite type ABO 3 oxides.…”