Analysis of cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanorods designed for non-enzyme glucose detection

Abstract

The nanorods of cobalt phosphide have been prepared and evaluated as an electrocatalyst for non-enzyme glucose detection. The nanorods were used to modify the surface of an electrode and detect glucose without the help of an enzyme for the first time. The crystal structure and composition of cobalt phosphide were identified by XRD and XPS, respectively, and the morphology of the as-prepared samples was observed by FESEM and TEM. The electrochemical measurement results indicate that the CoP-based sensor exhibits excellent catalytic activity and a far lower detection potential compared to bare GCE. Specifically, the electrocatalytic mechanism of CoP in the detection of glucose was proposed based on a series of physical characterization methods, electrochemical measurements, and theoretical calculations.

Phosphine-free avenue to Co2P nanoparticle encapsulated N,P co-doped CNTs: a novel non-enzymatic glucose sensor and an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

“…5a & b wherein no glucose was added. However, as soon as glucose is injected into the reaction system, electrooxidation of glucose takes place by the CoOOH/Co 4+ couple in an alkaline medium (eqn (1) & (2)): 48 CoOOH…”

“…The sensitivity is better than or comparable to the very recently developed Co-based electrochemical glucose sensors such as Zn-doped Co 3 O 4 film on FTO (192 μA mM −1 cm −2 ), 49 nanoporous Co 3 O 4 nanowires (300 μA mM −1 cm −2 ), 50 3D N-Co-CNT@NG (9.05 μA μM −1 cm −2 ), 51 Co 3 O 4 nanoflowers/3D graphene oxide hydrogel (492.8 μA mM −1 cm −2 ) 52 and CoP nanorods (116.8 μA mM −1 cm −2 ). 48 A major challenge for any glucose sensor is the selective detection of glucose while avoiding various endogenous interfering species. To analyse the anti-interference activity of Co 2 P/ NPCNT, its selectivity towards glucose was tested in the presence of various potential interfering reagents via chronoamperometry.…”

Deposition of nanomaterials: A crucial step in biosensor fabrication

“…The oxidized CNTs had carboxylic moieties, which enhanced the enzyme loading and improved the sensing performance. Various other nanomaterials have been used for glucose sensor fabrication with a drop-casting method, such as CoWO4 nanospheres [88], carbon nanodots [89], nanostring cluster-structured Bi2O3 [90], nanoflower-like CoS-decorated 3D porous carbon skeletons [91], superhydrophobic mesoporous silicon nanowires (NWs) [9], cobalt phosphide (CoP) NRs [93], thin-walled graphitic nanocages [94], MnO2 NWs [95], Cu2O nanourchins [96], Ni(OH)2 nanoplates [97], Ni(OH)2-decorated sulfur-doped carbon NPs [98], and porous NiO nanorods (NRs) [99].…”

Synthesis of nickel(ii) coordination polymers and conversion into porous NiO nanorods with excellent electrocatalytic performance for glucose detection

“…[9][10][11] In recent years, many novel nanomaterials including carbonbased materials, various noble metals (Au, Pt, Pd), their metal alloys (Pt-Au, Pt-Pd), transition metals (Ni, Cu), and their oxides (NiO, CuO, Co 3 O 4 ) have been extensively used in nonenzymatic glucose sensing. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Nevertheless, noble metals and their metal alloys are still not the suitable candidates for the mass production of sensors due to their high cost, low sensitivity, and poor stability caused by surface contamination originating from adsorbed chloride ions and chemisorbed intermediates of glucose oxidation. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] As a result, a major consideration in practical non-enzymatic glucose sensing is focused on fabricating high-performance devices using resourceful transition-metal catalysts.…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] As a result, a major consideration in practical non-enzymatic glucose sensing is focused on fabricating high-performance devices using resourceful transition-metal catalysts. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Among these metals or metal oxides, Ni and NiO are particularly popular owing to their good electrocatalytic activity towards carbohydrate oxidation and negligible poisoning. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Furthermore, the intimate relationship between the nanostructures and corresponding biological sensing properties of the active material, such as dimension, shape, porosity, and surface area, has stimulated tremendous efforts to develop novel enzyme-free electrode materials to realize the optimization of mass and charge transport and then minimize resistances during biosensing.…”