Analysis of Crown Morphology and Gingival Shape in the Maxillary Anterior Dentition

Chen, Zhong; Yingzi, Xiao; Zhiqiang, Lin; Peishuang, Wang; Yimin, Zeng; Shanqing, Gao; Xueguan, Lu

doi:10.11607/prd.4696

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This finding matched those observed in earlier studies where the GA of a thin biotype appeared smaller, and its gingival margin was more curved compared to its thicker counterpart [ 28 , 44 , 45 ]. Various investigations demonstrated that a thicker gingival phenotype often correlated with wider tooth crowns and more robust, shorter gingival papilla [ 46 – 50 ]. The contour of gingival margin is primarily influenced by parameters like GA, PW, and PH [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the correlation between supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypes components via the digital registration method: a cross‑sectional study in a Chinese population

Lin,

Wang,

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions (SGTDs) has been considered to be an essential element of periodontal phenotype (PP) components. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SGTDs and other PP components by digital superposition method that integrated cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with intraoral scanning. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Stomatology Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Participants were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data obtained from the digital scanner (TRIOS 3, 3Shape, Denmark) and CBCT images were imported into the TRIOS software (Implant Studio, 3Shape, Denmark) for computing relevant parameters. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results A total of 83 participants with 498 maxillary anterior teeth were finally included. The mean values of supracrestal gingival height (SGH) and the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the crest of the alveolar ridge (CEJ-ABC) on the buccal site were significantly higher than palatal SGH (SGH-p) and palatal CEJ-ABC (CEJ-ABC-p). Men exhibited taller CEJ-ABC and SGH-p than women. Additionally, tooth type was significantly associated with the SGH, SGH-p and CEJ-ABC-p. Taller SGH was associated with wider crown, smaller papilla height (PH), flatter gingival margin, thicker bone thickness (BT) and gingival thickness (GT) at CEJ, the alveolar bone crest (ABC), and 2 mm apical to the ABC. Smaller SGH-p displayed thicker BT and GT at CEJ, the ABC, and 2 and 4 mm apical to the ABC. Higher CEJ-ABC showed lower interproximal bone height, smaller PH, flatter gingival margin, thinner GT and BT at CEJ, and 2 mm apical to the ABC. Smaller CEJ-ABC-p displayed thicker BT at CEJ and 2 and 4 mm apical to the ABC. On the buccal, thicker GT was correlated with thicker BT at 2 and 4 mm below the ABC. Conclusion SGTDs exhibited a correlation with other PP components, especially crown shape, gingival margin and interdental PH. The relationship between SGTDs and gingival and bone phenotypes depended on the apico-coronal level evaluated. Trial registration This study was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Stomatology Hospital of Fujian Medical University (approval no. 2023-24).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the correlation between supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypes components via the digital registration method: a cross‑sectional study in a Chinese population

Lin,

Wang,

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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“…The periodontal phenotype has a direct impact on the healing process following periodontal treatments; therefore, more accurate methods are required, as opposed to subjective approaches that yield conflicting results [ 23 27 ]. The second null hypothesis was also partially rejected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported that the thinnest gingiva was found in canines among the maxillary anterior teeth [ 16 17 ]. There are conflicting results regarding the influence of sex on gingival phenotype [ 16 23 31 32 ]. In our study, we observed no differences between female and male participants, which is in line with some previous studies [ 16 23 ] but contradicts others [ 31 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, the PH values ranged from 2.99 to 3.24 mm, with the lateral incisor having a lower PH than the canine. In the literature, some studies utilized a reference line extending between the zenith points of 2 adjacent teeth for the papilla base [ 6 12 23 27 40 ], while others employed a line corresponding to the gingival zenith point and perpendicular to the tooth’s long axis [ 13 41 42 43 ]. Regarding the numerical data, the PH values of the maxillary anterior teeth were found to be between 3.26 and 5.16 mm [ 5 6 11 12 13 23 27 36 38 40 41 42 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Signs of periodontitis or gingivitis, as well as the presence of any calculus in the anterior maxillary region, were grounds for exclusion, along with patients exhibiting a bleeding on probing rate exceeding 10% [ 23 ]. During the initial appointment, the plaque index according to Silness and Löe [ 24 ], the gingival index as per Löe and Silness [ 25 ], and probing depths from 6 points on all teeth were recorded using a 0-3 scoring system and a periodontal chart.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the measurement of keratinized gingiva: a cross-sectional study comparing an intraoral scanner with clinical parameters

Nalbantoğlu

Yanık

2023

J Periodontal Implant Sci

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Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between gingival thickness (GT) and keratinized gingiva width (KGW), papilla height (PH), and crown ratio (CR) by employing transgingival probing and an intraoral scanner (IOS). Methods This cross-sectional study examined 360 maxillary anterior teeth from 60 patients. GT was assessed using transgingival probing with an endodontic spreader. KGW, CR, and PH were measured using an IOS. One-way analysis of variance, the Student’s t -test, and Spearman correlation coefficients were employed for statistical analysis. Results Higher GT was significantly associated with thinner KGW in the central region ( P =0.019). There was no statistically significant difference in GT between teeth ( P =0.06). PH was lower in lateral teeth than in canines ( P =0.047), with a PH of 2.99 mm in lateral teeth. The KGW was narrower in canines than in central teeth ( P =0.007). A moderate correlation was observed between KGW and PH in the central region ( P =0.01), while a weak negative correlation was found between KGW and CR ( P =0.043). Conclusions A moderate negative correlation was found between GT and KGW, as well as between PH and KGW in central teeth. In contrast, a weak negative correlation existed between CR and KGW. The PH (2.99 mm) was lower in lateral teeth than in canines. The traditional paradigm, which suggests a positive correlation between KGW and GT, was re-evaluated by measuring KGW using an IOS.

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The incidence and severity of open gingival embrasures in adults treated with clear aligners and fixed appliances: a retrospective cohort study

et al. 2023

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Background To evaluate the incidence and severity of open gingival embrasures (OGEs) in adult patients treated with clear aligners and fixed appliances. Methods Two hundred non-extraction adult subjects with less than 5 mm of crowding (mean age, 24.6 ± 3.8 years) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The subjects were divided into the clear aligner (n = 100) and fixed appliance group (n = 100). The intraoral photographs were utilized to determine the incidence of OGEs in the upper arch between maxillary central incisors, as well as the lower arch between mandibular central incisors. Crown overlap, crown shape, posttreatment root angulation, the distance from the interproximal contact point (ICP) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) after treatment and interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) were determined in the two groups. Results The incidence of OGEs between maxillary and mandibular central incisors after orthodontic treatment was 35.0% and 38.0% in the clear aligner group, respectively, significantly higher than that (18.0% and 24.0%) in the fixed appliance group (P < 0.05). The average area of an OGE after clear aligner treatment was larger both in the maxilla (0.16 ± 0.12mm2) and mandible (0.21 ± 0.24mm2) compared with that (0.05 ± 0.03mm2 and 0.05 ± 0.06mm2) after fixed appliance treatment (P < 0.05). No difference was found regarding pretreatment crown overlap, crown shape, treatment duration, posttreatment root angulation, amount and distribution of IPR and the distance from ICP to ABC. Conclusions The incidence and severity of OGEs were higher in adults treated with clear aligners. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of OGEs during treatment with clear aligners.

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Analysis of Crown Morphology and Gingival Shape in the Maxillary Anterior Dentition

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment of the correlation between supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypes components via the digital registration method: a cross‑sectional study in a Chinese population

Assessment of the correlation between supracrestal gingival tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypes components via the digital registration method: a cross‑sectional study in a Chinese population

Revisiting the measurement of keratinized gingiva: a cross-sectional study comparing an intraoral scanner with clinical parameters

The incidence and severity of open gingival embrasures in adults treated with clear aligners and fixed appliances: a retrospective cohort study

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