Analysis of Cyber Risk and Associated Concentration of Research (ACR)2 in the Security of Vehicular Edge Clouds

Lu, Yi; Maple, Carsten; Sheik, T; Alhagagi, Hussam A.; Watson, Tim; Dianati, Mehrdad; Mouzakitis, Alexandros

doi:10.1049/cp.2018.0019

Cited by 6 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Replay attacks can be used to manipulate the vehicle locations by re-transmitting the previous messages [79]. The adversary can target LiDAR [80], CAN bus [50], keyless entry systems [54], authorization and key agreement protocols [52], or communication between CAVs and RSU [26] in EC-CAVs that can further lead to unauthorized data transmission, Eavesdropping, or Sniffing.…”

Section: Defenses Against Replay Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lu et al [79] reported that timing attacks in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can delay the transmission of security messages, which can lead to accidents. [90] Packet leashes mechanism.…”

Section: Defenses Against Timing Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distributed DoS (DDOS) can send malicious messages using frequent transmissions and a black hole or wormhole attacks can compromise routing protocols to threaten VANET availability [174], [51]. Malicious code attacks can target nodes to flood the network with a huge volume of dummy messages [79]. [26] Encryption, localization, and clustering mechanisms.…”

Section: Defenses Against Malicious Code Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAN bus, security protocol stack, on-board units, and sensors in EC-CAVs can be a common target for injection attacks like OS command injection, HTML injection, or client-side template injection [26], [54], [79]. [51] Cryptography based defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Defenses Against Injection Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An investigation of cyber-attacks and security mechanisms for connected and autonomous vehicles

Gupta¹,

Maple²

2023

Preprint

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<p>Edge Computing-based Connected Autonomous Vehicles (EC-CAVs) can fulfill the emerging demand for smart transportation on a global scale. Such innovations to transportation ecosystems can bring manyfold benefits from fully autonomous driving services to proactive vehicle monitoring and traffic management. Given the complexity involved in the deployment of EC-CAVs, zero-tolerance safety and security measures must be incorporated to avert vehicle immobilization, road accidents, disclosure of sensitive data, or any potential threats. This paper presents a reference architecture of EC-CAVs to investigate existing and emerging cyber-threats for deriving a common attack taxonomy for the EC-CAVs ecosystem. Subsequently, a comprehensive survey of security mechanisms is presented that can ensure safe and secure transportation of passengers from one destination to another using an EC-CAVs ecosystem.</p>

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Section: Defenses Against Replay Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defenses Against Timing Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defenses Against Malicious Code Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defenses Against Injection Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of cyber-attacks and security mechanisms for connected and autonomous vehicles

Gupta¹,

Maple²

2023

Preprint

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“…A legitimate vehicle believes that it has received a message from another legitimate vehicle even though it was sent by attackers. The real identity of the attackers cannot be detected [57]. This can lead to the generation of "ghost" vehicles through forged messages [56].…”

Section: ) Spoofingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Threat Model for Vehicular Fog Computing

et al. 2022

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Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC) facilitates the deployment of distributed, latency-aware services, residing between smart vehicles and cloud services. However, VFC systems are exposed to manifold security threats, putting human life at risk. Knowledge on such threats is scattered and lacks empirical validation. We performed an extensive threat assessment by reviewing literature and conducting expert interviews, leading to a comprehensive threat model with 33 attacks and example security mitigation strategies, among others. We thereby synthesize and extend prior research; provide rich descriptions for threats; and raise awareness of physical attacks that underline importance of the cyber-physical manifestation of VFC.INDEX TERMS Vehicular fog computing, fog computing, threat model, STRIDE, security.

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Security Risk Management in Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Affia

Matulevičius

Nolte

2019

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Analysis of Cyber Risk and Associated Concentration of Research (ACR)2 in the Security of Vehicular Edge Clouds

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

An investigation of cyber-attacks and security mechanisms for connected and autonomous vehicles

An investigation of cyber-attacks and security mechanisms for connected and autonomous vehicles

A Threat Model for Vehicular Fog Computing

Security Risk Management in Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

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