Analysis of design features and test results of fractional grain cleaners

Abstract

Stable preservation of sown areas for agricultural production in the Russian Federation is crucial for increasing the gross grain yield. Only high-quality seeds with a low level of injury during harvesting and post-harvest processing will provide a significant increase in the yield of crops. Weediness of the grain heap decreases the yield up to 40 … 60%. According to long-term data, weediness of the grain heap in the natural and climatic regions of the CIS is 6.0 … 15.0%. Moisture during threshing is 16.0 … 20.0%, and in unfavorable years it can reach 22.0 … 25.0%. A safe storage period for such a heap is fairly limited and can attain several hours. Impurities of organic origin with the moisture content of 50.0 … 80.0% have a negative effect on the grain heap safe storage and the quality indicators of seeds. The study carried out during secondary cleaning show that the OZF-50 and OZF-80 machines provide the required productivity of 10.27 t/h and 20.40 t/h, respectively. With this productivity, the main crop content is 99.22 and 99.61%. The content of weed seeds is 3 and 5 pcs/kg, while the grinding of grain meets the technical specifications and attains 0.12 and 0.15% for the above machines. The results of regular periodic tests of the new generation OZF machines show show that all operational and technological indicators and performance indicators of the machines meet the requirements of technical specifications. The developed new fractional grain cleaners ensure the production of original seeds in accordance with GOST R52325-2005.