The introduction of Expanded Bed Adsorption (EBA) system has made biochemical engineers face the challenge of operating a “chromatography” in the presence of biomass and other particulate components which are normally present in a crude, unclarified, feedstock. This situation can lead to detrimental consequences in terms of increased adsorbent fouling, decreased adsorbent binding capacity, and poor bed hydrodynamics. Biomass and other suspended biological material can be very sticky, depending on the type of adsorbent employed and the solution chemistry involved and thus, can create severe limitations during processing.
A better local understanding of biomass deposition, including the two separate cell‐to‐bead (“interaction”) and cell‐to‐cell (“aggregation”) phenomena has been developed to allow for safer EBA operations. To this end, we propose a surface energetics‐based approach. As per the XDLVO theory, free interfacial energy versus distance profiles were calculated for a large combination of model biomass and adsorbent bead types. The energy minima values (absolute value/
U
) obtained for each of the analyzed cases were correlated with the corresponding deposition coefficient values (α). A positive correlation was obtained. It was concluded that total interaction energy
U
≤ − 25 to − 50 kT and biomass deposition parameter α ≤ 0.15 would be a safe region for EBA operation; for example, biomass interference can be neglected. Deviation in the correlation was found in such cases where moderate or high cell‐to‐cell aggregation occurs, for example, in hydrophobic interaction systems. In the later cases, laser diffraction studies were necessary to fully characterize the system.
These novel tools will help in alleviating the current EBA technical constraints and will guide the design of more efficient adsorbent types.