Analysis of differential BRAF^V600E mutational status in multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma

Abstract

Objectives: To explore the possibility that a paleolithic‐like diet can be used in the prevention of age‐related degenerative Western disease. Methods: Literature review of African Paleolithic foods in relation to recent evidence of healthy nutrition. Results and Discussion: Available evidence lends weak support in favor and little against the notion that lean meat, fish, vegetables, tubers, and fruit can be effective in the prevention and treatment of common Western diseases. There are no obvious risks with avoiding dairy products, margarine, oils, refined sugar, and cereal grains, which provide 70% or more of the dietary intake in northern European populations. If stroke, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer are preventable by dietary changes, an ancestral‐like diet may provide an appropriate template. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Multi- and Unifocal Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Are There Any Differences?

“…What is more, the suggestion that MTMC is more frequent in patients above 45 years of age [21] can be supported by our study, however in our study the same clinical feature concerns UTMC patients.…”

The synergic effect of BRAF^V600E mutation and multifocality on central lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma

“…Multifocal papillary cancers in thyroid can be divided into independently arising papillary cancers and those resulted from intrathyroidal spread [31]. In this study, the BRAF V600E mutation status of multifocal PTCs was only determined by the dominant tumour, rather than each focus in individuals.…”

“…In this study, the BRAF V600E mutation status of multifocal PTCs was only determined by the dominant tumour, rather than each focus in individuals. Although this approach may be controversial, according previous studies, most multifocal thyroid carcinoma share identical BRAF V600E status, ranging from 59.4-85.7% [31][32][33][34][35]. Additionally, the most common condition for the mixed BRAF V600E mutation tumour group is that the dominant tumour is BRAF-positive while other foci are partly or all BRAF-negative.…”

Intratumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution in an aggressive papillary thyroid cancer and matched metastases

“…This could be partly explained by limited access to tissue samples from associated primary tumors and metastatic tissues, especially for distant metastatic tissues. Previous studies examining thyroid tumor heterogeneity presented discordant conclusions (Kim et al 2006, Park et al 2006, Abrosimov et al 2007, Giannini et al 2007, Guerra et al 2012, de Biase et al 2014, Walts et al 2014. These divergent conclusions could be explained by differences in the cohorts studied and in addition by the use of technologies that allowed for detection of only one or a few pre-determined genetic aberrations associated with thyroid cancer, such as those in BRAF.…”