Owing to the intrinsic excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) have been expected to be promising candidates for the next-generation high-performance fibers. It has received considerable interest for cutting-edge applications, such as ultra-light electric wire, aerospace craft, military equipment, and space elevators. Wet-spinning is a broadly utilized commercial technique for high-performance fiber manufacturing. Thus, compared with array spinning from drawable CNTs vertical array and direct dry spinning from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD), wet-spinning technique is considered as a promising strategy to realize the massive production of CNTFs. In this tutorial review, we initiate with a summative description of CNTFs wet-spinning process. Then, we discuss the high-concentration CNTs wet-spinning dope preparation strategies and corresponding non-covalent adsorption/charge transfer mechanisms. The filament solidification during the coagulation process is another critical procedure for determining the configuration and properties for derived CNTFs. Afterwards, the post-treatment, including continuous drafting and thermal annealing, to further optimize the CNTs orientation and compact configuration. At last, we also summarize the physical property-structure relationship to give the insights for further performance promotion to satisfy the prerequisite for detail application scenario. Insights into propelling high-performance CNTFs production from lab-scale to industry-scale are proposed, in anticipation of this novel fiber having its killer application and impacting our life in near future.