Analysis of drugs of abuse in hair: Evaluation of the immunochemical method VMA-T vs. LC–MS/MS or GC–MS

Baumgartner, Markus R.; Guglielmello, Rosetta; Fanger, Monique; Kræmer, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.08.025

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…(SACHS, 2007;COULTER et al, 2010;BAUMGARTNER et al, 2012 O princípio do imunoensaio apresentado por este kit é do tipo competitivo heterogêneo e a leitura dos resultados é feita por captura de imagem a partir da quimiluminescência gerada na superfície do biochip (RANDOX, 2009). As vantagens da quimiluminescência incluem (1) maior sensibilidade; (2) menor sinal ruído e (3) tempo de análise reduzido (FLANAGAN et al, 2005).…”

Section: Técnicas Imunológicasunclassified

“…A validação do método foi baseada em parâmetros já descritos por outros autores (GRÖNHOLM;LILLSUNDE, 2001;FERRARA et al, 1998;BAUMGARTNER et al, 2012;HAN et al, 2006;;PUJOL et al, 2007;COULTER et al, 2010) Legenda: MDA -3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina; MDMA -3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina; THC -Δ 9 -tetraidrocanabinol; THCCOOH -ácido 11-nor-Δ9-tetraidrocanabinol carboxílico (Fonte: adaptado de RANDOX, 2009).…”

Section: Validação Do Métodounclassified

“…Outra maneira de se avaliar os resultados obtidos é através de parâmetros como sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e negativo e exatidão, sendo estes seguidos por alguns autores (GRÖNHOLM;LILLSUNDE, 2001;FERRARA et al, 1998;BAUMGARTNER et al, 2012;HAN et al, 2006;LACHENMEIER;MADEA, 2006;PUJOL et al, 2007;COULTER et al, 2010). Como descrito na metodologia, estes parâmetros são avaliados através da análise das amostras reais.…”

Section: Figura 14unclassified

“…POON et al, 2014). A escassez de amostras reais já foi discutida neste trabalho e foi apontada como ponto crítico por outros autores, relatando não só a dificuldade em se obter amostras reais, mas sim amostras reais positivas (BAUMGARTNER et al, 2012).…”

Section: Figura 14unclassified

“…Já os ensaios de precisão não foram satisfatórios quando realizados, apresentando CV%> 20%. Mesmo sugerido, muitos autores não realizam este tipo de ensaio para validação dos seus métodos imunoenzimáticos (BAUMGARTNER et al, 2012;MUSSHOFF et al, 2012;POON et al, 2014).…”

Section: Figura 14unclassified

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Desenvolvimento de método de triagem de substâncias psicoativas em amostras de cabelo através de técnicas imunológicas

Roveri¹

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Section: Técnicas Imunológicasunclassified

Section: Validação Do Métodounclassified

Section: Figura 14unclassified

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Desenvolvimento de método de triagem de substâncias psicoativas em amostras de cabelo através de técnicas imunológicas

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Prevalence of new psychoactive substances: A retrospective study in hair

Rust

Baumgartner

Dally

et al. 2012

Drug Testing and Analysis

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New psychoactive substances are conquering the drug scene. Police seize different colourful packages with exceptional names. They are declared as 'bath salts', 'plant food', or 'research chemical powders'. Little is known about the actual prevalence of these drugs. Reanalysis of hair samples from routine cases concerning the presence of new psychoactive substances or 'smart drugs' should provide insight into changing patterns of designer drugs. All hair samples from 2009 and 2010 that originally tested positive for amphetamines or MDMA (N = 325) were reanalyzed for new or smart drugs such as 4-fluoroamphetamine, piperazines (BZP, mCPP and TFMPP), cathinones (4-MMC (mephedrone), methylone, butylone, ethylone, MDPV, methcathinone and cathinone), methylphenidate and ketamine. Hair snippets were extracted using a two-step extraction procedure. The analytes were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (electrospray ionization; multiple-reaction-monitoring mode - information dependent acquisition - enhanced product ion scan). New psychoactive substances were found in 120 cases (37%). Concerning the piperazine drugs, mCPP was positive in 34 (10.5%) cases and TFMPP in one case. Five mCPP cases were also positive for trazodone, an antidepressant which is metabolized to mCPP. In 11 (3%) cases, 4-MMC was detected. Concerning the smart drugs, methylphenidate was found in 16 (5%). Ketamine was found in 45 (14%) cases. 4-Fluoroamphetamine was identified in 12 (4%) cases and methylone in one case.In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of these drugs. Consequently, at least the most common ones (e.g. mCPP, KET, 4-MMC and 4-FA) should be included in screening procedures in clinical and forensic toxicology.

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Utility of ELISA screening for the monitoring of abstinence from illegal and legal drugs in hair and urine

Agius

Nadulski

2014

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, methadone, and benzodiazepines in authentic hair samples with drug concentrations around the medical and psychological assessment (MPA) guidelines cut-offs were screened by LUCIO-direct ELISA kits. Following confirmation of all positive and a significant number of negatively screened samples with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods accredited for forensic purposes. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) and overall misclassification rate (OMR) were calculated and compared to those obtained for the same drug classes in urine. While fulfilling the validation criteria of the German forensic guidelines, for almost all screening tests in hair and urine the AUC were greater than 0.8, indicating good to excellent performance. Moreover the AUC calculated for the detection of drugs in hair did not differ significantly to the AUC calculated for the detection of the same drug classes in urine, thus showing a comparable screening performance to the well accepted, previously published application of the same ELISAs for the detection of drugs at unconventionally low cut-offs in urine. For the first time, the validation of the immunoassay tests for the complete 6-drug panel MPA profile in hair and urine using a large population of authentic hair and urine samples with drug concentrations around MPA cut-offs, lower than conventional clinical or workplace drug testing guidelines cut-offs as well as those suggested by the Society of hair testing (SoHT) is presented.

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Analysis of drugs of abuse in hair: Evaluation of the immunochemical method VMA-T vs. LC–MS/MS or GC–MS

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Desenvolvimento de método de triagem de substâncias psicoativas em amostras de cabelo através de técnicas imunológicas

Desenvolvimento de método de triagem de substâncias psicoativas em amostras de cabelo através de técnicas imunológicas

Prevalence of new psychoactive substances: A retrospective study in hair

Utility of ELISA screening for the monitoring of abstinence from illegal and legal drugs in hair and urine

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