Analysis of Energy Flows of a Sector-Coupled Power Generation Unit (Hydrogen Microgrid)

Abstract

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of the energy flows of the energy sectors electricity, heat, and gas, and evaluates the necessary components of the reconversion chain during operation. In addition to providing electrical energy, the H2 microgrid can also serve as a heat and gas supplier by generating the gas (hydrogen) within the electrolysis plant, storing it at different pressure levels, and then making it available to other processes. Furthermore, the electrical energy sector is addressed, where batteries, power electronics, electrical loads of the microgrid are analysed for their behaviour and impact on grid stability. Finally, the overall efficiencies of the coupling between the electric power and gas sectors resulting from the electrolyser and the fuel cell are compared and evaluated.