“…Eyeopening marks a step towards synapse maturation in the VC, with the appearance of visuallyevoked neuronal responses across the retinal-LGN-VC circuit (Espinosa and Stryker, 2012;Chen, 2006, 2020). Perturbing this process by methods of visual deprivation, such as dark rearing, delays both synaptic (Albanese et al, 1983;Desai et al, 2002;Freire, 1978;Funahashi et al, 2013;Hsu et al, 2018;Ishikawa et al, 2014;Ko et al, 2014;Majdan and Shatz, 2006;Tropea et al, 2006) and astrocyte maturation (Müller, 1990;Stogsdill et al, 2017). The VC's glutamatergic neurons are arranged in spatially defined layers, with distinct transcriptomic, functional, and connectivity profiles (Bannister, 2005;Douglas and Martin, 2004).…”