“…The results also indicated a diminishing influence of residual stresses on the column capacity with an increasing column slenderness. Meanwhile, it is accepted that the influence of lateral geometric imperfections dominates the influence of residual stresses when it comes to the axial buckling capacity of conventionally fabricated tubular columns (Bjoerhovde, 1973;Toma and Chen, 1979). This phenomenon has been also observed throughout the analysis of a damaged pipe under pure bending, accounting for both residual stresses and initial imperfections (Cai, 2018).…”